1 Initial Aspects

This chapter discusses the long-standing trajectory of connections between China and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as well as the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on the region. It also introduces the research problem and hypothesis, and outlines the four points of analysis to be addressed in the paper. The chapter emphasizes the importance of China's long-term plan and growing investments in LAC, as well as its strategic alliances in the region. The research aims to facilitate understanding of China's aspirations and impact in LAC.

2 A View of the Chinese Dream and the Leadership of President Xi Jinping

This chapter discusses the shift in China's foreign policy under President Xi Jinping, highlighting the emphasis on reviving Chinese traditions and promoting the Chinese Dream. It also explores the historical context of the Chinese Dream, including the "Century of Humiliation" and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. President Xi Jinping's speeches and direct language demonstrate his commitment to the Chinese Dream and his efforts to engage countries in Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Latin America and Caribbean region. The chapter also examines the Tianxia system and its influence on China's vision for the region, emphasizing the importance of public diplomacy and cooperation opportunities. Finally, it discusses the Belt and Road Initiative as a reinterpretation of the Tianxia system and its role in advancing interregional cooperation and global governance.

3 The Implementation of the BRI, with Emphasis on Central America and the Caribbean

This chapter describes the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), focusing on Central America and the Caribbean. It discusses the investments in railway and road infrastructure, as well as a new infrastructure network to benefit developing countries. The BRI may promote a new strategic pattern and trade strategy. It also outlines the creation of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) as well as the cooperation plan between China and CELAC. The incorporation of LAC countries into the BRI is also detailed, including the significant act of Central American countries signing diplomatic relations with China and leaving behind their ties with Chinese Taiwan.

4 The Dispute Between China and the United States Beyond the Economic Impact in LAC

This chapter discusses the influence of the United States and China in Latin America and the Caribbean since the 21st century, highlighting the strategic competition between the two countries and the resulting economic and technological wars. It also examines how the Chinese perception in LAC has been affected by recent investments, and the strategic position of Panama due to its trade flows and growth rate.

5 The Renewal of China, in the Face of the Commemoration of 50 Years of Diplomatic Relations in LAC, Comprehensive Strategic Alliances and New Investments

This chapter discusses the bonds between China and Latin America and the Caribbean, the signing of Memorandum of Understanding in commercial agreements, and the establishment of diplomatic relations. It also explores the impact of China’s entry to the WTO, the increase in commerce between LAC and China, and the signing of Comprehensive Strategic Alliances with countries in the region. The chapter also highlights Chinese investments in Chile, such as the creation of an Astronomy Center for South America and agreements between the Sinovac Laboratory and the Universidad Católica de Chile. Additionally, it emphasizes the greatest investment made by China in Chile, particularly the purchase of Sempra-Energy by the Chinese company China State Grid.

6 Aspects to Consider

The chapter discusses the favorable aspects of the Chinese BRI for LAC, the potential for new forms of cooperation among countries, the need to reengage with organizations such as CELAC and Mercosur, and the changing dynamics in Central America and the Caribbean. It also touches upon the Chinese Dream and its implications for the development of a new governance model for the Global South.