Literary Studies | 更新时间:2025-04-27
杀手的三重身与夏穆瓦佐《我一直钟爱夜晚》中的马提尼克社会弊病
王彤    作者信息&出版信息
International Chinese Language Education   ·   2025年4月27日   ·   2025年 29卷 第2期   ·   DOI:10.20254/j.cnki.2096-4919.2025.2.097
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AI 摘要

1 Introduction

Shamuwazzo is a French writer from Martinique, and his work "I Have Always Loved the Night" tells the story of retired veteran Victor Merle, who brutally kills the scum of society and is dragged into exile. The novel adopts the genre of black fiction, with social and realistic elements, as well as elements of disorder and violence in modern society. The work was published nearly 30 years after the rise of the "Creole" movement, and Shamuwazzo is a representative figure of the movement. Creole culture emphasizes the cultural integration of the Caribbean region, defends Creole cultural values, and recognizes the renewal in cultural collisions. This article will explore the identity metaphor of assassins from the perspectives of Creole cultural traits and detective novel typology, and analyze how the author conveys criticism of Martinique's social ills through assassins.

2 Storytellers: Reviving Suppressed Memories and Culture

Explored Shamuwazzo's reinterpretation and subversion of the detective genre literary tradition in "I Have Always Loved the Night". By reconfiguring the relationship between detectives and criminals, Shamuwazzo pushed the criminals to the forefront, weakening the dominant position of detective narrative. In the novel, Sheriff Piron, a soon to be retired police officer, dreams of solving an "Agatha style mystery," but is captured by a killer and his investigation process is decentralized. The killer's confession reveals the crime story in advance, while the sheriff's investigative narrative unfolds in memory, serving only as a confirmation. This transfer of discourse power implies the provocation of detective power and the frustration of reason when facing irrational criminals. Shamuwazzo challenged the rational tradition of Europe, implying that the complex local reality was beyond his control. In addition, the association between police power and oppression in the novel reflects the legacy of Martinique's colonial history. Shamuwazzo mapped the image of "storytellers" in Creole culture through assassins to counter the cruelty of daylight and the language monopoly of colonizers. The language and behavior of the assassin showcase the essence of Creole culture, questioning the rational hegemony of colonial colors. The main body of the novel is a recorded summary of the killer's monologue, which simulates police records, but cannot fully capture the "otherness" of oral art. Shamuwazzo reiterated the importance of Creole subjectivity and its indispensable role as a force against systemic oppression and creativity.

3 Crazy Investigators: Conveying the Anger of Disordered Society

Explored the Martinique social ills portrayed by assassins in Shamuwazzo's' I Have Always Loved the Night '. The assassin demonstrated a thinking mode different from Western tradition by playing games with the police, satirizing oppressive forces and upholding the dignity of Creole culture. Although the assassin defends the local culture, his living environment is complex and contrasts with the negative political and cultural attitudes of other Martinique people. After being kidnapped, the killer delves into the dark side of the city, becoming an "investigator" and revealing the alienation of society. The abnormality of assassins is reflected in their language and behavior, with theme drift, mixed language, and cruel behavior, echoing the image of madmen in French, English, and Spanish literature in the Caribbean region, reflecting colonial trauma and social issues. The violent behavior of the killer expresses collective anxiety, as he resists the order of alienated society and feels that something beyond himself will come. The assassin's' angel possession 'is actually a symptom of schizophrenia, and he is related to the' mad preacher 'with the intention of saving the world. The assassin documented Martinique's current situation and became a true investigator, exploring the mystery of alienation society. Globalization and neoliberalism have weakened the connection and cultural subjectivity between Martinique people and their homeland, putting the cherished local cultural temperament at risk. Street thugs have become a sample of social paralysis, with strange words and deeds, addiction to electronic products, and a style of action that resembles American gangsters. The assassin witnessed the contemporary Martinicans trampling on order on the night of their escape, which he couldn't bear. The younger generation allows themselves to be eroded by inferior culture, losing their spiritual coordinates, and forming a contrast with killers who adhere to the local cultural spirit. The combination of vulgar culture and unhealthy practices in the local inertia and acceptance has become a new colonial force, with assassins becoming the whistleblowers of all of this, embodying the Martinique people's desire for more proactive self planning. But the violent redemption methods of the killer are also questionable, and Shamuwazzo will reflect on the killer's action strategy.

4 Lost Fathers: Calling for the Return of Virtuous Authority

Explored the role of the Mad Killer as a spokesperson for local cultural spirit and social investigator in the postcolonial context of Shamuwazzo's "I Have Always Loved the Night". The assassin attempts to reshape order through the 'Blade of Authority', but the author questions the assassin's authoritative stance and reveals this through the failure of the 'father' character in the novel. The father characters in the novel are generally in a paralyzed state, forming a paradox with the assassin's call for authority. The antagonistic relationship between the sheriff and the assassin dissolves as they share the identity of "authority/father", but neither has been able to take on this role. The assassin transforms from a lone wolf protagonist to a imprisoned tough guy in the story, and ultimately regains his fatherhood through interactions with young people in the car. Cars have rich symbolic meanings in novels, representing the violent temperament and closed heart of killers. As the story progresses, the assassin's self is invaded and he begins to pay attention to others, becoming a protector. Enzo's biological father identity was revealed as a killer, indicating that both the killer and the sheriff were negligent fathers. The author reflects on endogeneity issues and calls for a positive authority based on communication rather than violent parents. In the end, the assassin and the sheriff met in the same sense of mission, and Shamuwazzo opposed strong dominance and hoped to rebuild a true educational relationship.

5 Conclusion

Emphasis was placed on the importance of creole identity in constructing an open identity perspective, particularly the necessity for Caribbean people to recognize local cultural traits and accept themselves. Creole advocates write through local elements such as Creole language and storytelling art, emphasizing diversity rather than singularity. In "I Have Always Loved the Night," Shamuwazzo continues the creole concept by incorporating local language and culture into the work, reflecting on the relationship between "many and one. Faced with the erosion of local temperament by globalization and consumerism culture, Shamuwazzo believes that self-awareness has become particularly important. He proposed that 'local densification' is a necessary condition for entering the world. The assassin's nostalgia has positive value in the work, warning of the decline of local sense and promoting local culture. Shamuwazzo combines Creole culture, Caribbean literary traditions, and the genre of black novels to write detective works in reverse. The triple identity of the assassin reflects the author's reflection on the social ills of Martinique, breaking through the rational paradigm, reproducing the rebellious roots of Creole culture, and witnessing the loss of local cultural independence. Both good and evil are not ideal saviors. Shamuwazzo placed his hope for improving society on education and communication, calling for the responsible 'father' to return. The open ending of the work provides unlimited possibilities for social revival.

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