Discussed the connection between European and American Orientalism and Japanese Orientalism in the academic history of Orientalism, emphasizing that Japanese Orientalism was inspired by Western Orientalism and its academic values and research methods originated from the West. At the same time, it is pointed out that in order to study the academic history of Chinese Orientalism, it is necessary to take European and American Orientalism and Japanese Orientalism as external backgrounds, because there is a profound connection and interactive relationship between Japanese Orientalism and Chinese Orientalism.

1、 Modern Chinese Studies and Sinology

The origin and development of Japanese Orientalism were discussed, starting from the study of Chinese culture by ancient Japanese aristocrats, to the rise of traditional Chinese culture in the Edo period, and the relationship between traditional Chinese culture, Sinology, and Lanxue. The purpose of traditional Chinese culture is to promote the spirit of Japanese culture and compete with Sinology and Lanxue. However, Honju Shocho emphasized the importance of studying Japanese classical studies and opposed the special labeling of Japanese studies as "traditional Chinese culture". Nevertheless, the term 'traditional Chinese culture' is still widely used. During the Edo period, Sinology included Buddhism, and Japanese Buddhists directly studied translated Buddhist scriptures, reflecting their recognition of the authority and authenticity of translated Buddhist scriptures. Fukunaga Nakaki's "After the Rites" goes beyond the scope of Sinology, Buddhism, and Chinese studies, combining the three to critically analyze the translation of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese. It pioneered an objective approach to literature research and had an impact on the formation of modern Japanese academic methods. Fukunaga Nakaki's research broke through the national perspective and entered regional studies, comparing and analyzing the cultural characteristics of India, China, and Japan. He proposed the "Way of Sincerity" to integrate Eastern culture and became the pioneer of modern "Oriental studies" in Japan. The study of ancient Japan extended from the foundation of Sinology to Buddhism, and further developed regional research on various Eastern countries, giving rise to the emergence of "Oriental studies".

2、 From Traditional Sinology to Modern "** Studies" and "Oriental Studies"

After the Meiji Restoration, the differentiation and integration of Japanese learning accelerated. At the beginning of the 20th century, "** Studies" and "Oriental Studies" were differentiated from Sinology. "** Studies" is the development of Sinology, which studies ancient and modern issues in China. The research position and methods have changed. It no longer reveres ancient Chinese documents, but critically interprets them. "Oriental Studies" is an extension of the research scope of "** Studies", involving all nationalities in China's surrounding countries, and initially appeared in the field of history. In the layout of Japanese history disciplines, the system of "Japanese history - Oriental history - Western history" was established, influenced by the Western academic community. However, there are differences in research scope and focus between Japan's "Oriental studies" and Western "Oriental studies". The origin of Japan's "Oriental studies" can be traced back to the study of "Oriental history", which gradually established itself. The two concepts are conceptually distinct, but in reality, they are closely related. It is natural and inevitable for many Oriental scholars to study abroad in Europe and America, learn modern Western academic methods, and shift from traditional Sinology to modern "Oriental studies". From traditional Sinology to "** Studies" and "Oriental Studies", the value orientation has undergone an important change, but both are essentially the product of the academic form of Japanese nationalism, serving the national ideology. The concept and methods of Japanese "Orientalism" are influenced by Western classical Orientalism, evolution theory, and nationalist ideas, and the scientific theory of evolution is often utilized by nationalism. Some left-wing researchers in Oriental studies have taken a different stance from the right-wing in belittling the history and culture of Eastern countries. The origin of Japan's "Oriental studies" can be traced back to the study of "Oriental history", which gradually established itself. The two have both conceptual distinctions and an inseparable relationship. Oriental scholars often start from and focus on the study of Sinology, expanding their research from Sinology to Asian regional studies and Oriental studies.

3、 From Modern Oriental Studies to Contemporary Oriental Studies

After Japan's defeat, the academic community in the East underwent reorganization and change, with many pre war scholars such as Hiroshi Haneda, Hiroo Inoue, Daisuke Suzuki, and Gannosuke Ishida revitalizing and launching new achievements. Oriental studies were gradually replaced by the concept of Oriental studies, and the establishment of the "Oriental Society" in 1947 marked this transformation, aiming to inherit the legacy of Oriental studies and distinguish itself from it. After the war, Orientalism surpassed the value standpoint of Orientalism, shifting from nationalism and nationalism to a purely academic standpoint, focusing on East Asian regional perspectives and cosmopolitanism. After the war, the study of Orientalism maintained the characteristics of Asian regional research centered on China, with research results mostly focusing on Chinese history and culture, and examining them in the context of the East and the world. Orientalist Dingsheng Xidao proposed the concept of "East Asian World", emphasizing the regional civilization centered on China. Japanese Orientalist researchers focus on micro level topics and pursue the unity of academic and interesting aspects, such as Motonari Nakamura's "The Thinking Methods of Easterners" and Takeshi Hamashita's "International Opportunities in Modern China". The "History of China" published by Kodansha showcases the lineup and strength of modern Japanese Chinese studies and Oriental studies.