one

Discussed the concepts of "Sinology" and "Luxology" proposed by Fu Sinian in his work "The Purpose of the Institute of Historical Linguistics", emphasizing the differences between Chinese and Western scholars in studying Chinese culture. Fu Sinian believes that Chinese scholars tend to focus on Chinese literature and traditional classics and history, while Western scholars use various language materials and adopt comparative linguistics and historical linguistics methods to study the history and culture of other ethnic groups within China. This difference has had a profound impact on modern academic history, and to this day, Chinese and Western academia still excel in their respective fields and have not been able to overcome this difference. Fu Sinian advocated that the study of Chinese traditional culture should break through the scope of traditional "Sinology", draw on the Western "Lu Studies" tradition, and form a true "Chinese Studies" that integrates "Sinology" and "Lu Studies". He emphasized that "Lu Xue" does not specifically refer to the study of ethnic groups around China, but is an important component of Western "Chinese studies" research. Fu Sinian's proposal aims to expand non Chinese literature materials, transcend the scope of "Sinology" in Chinese studies, reconstruct the identity of the Chinese nation, and establish a modern "Sinology".

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The concepts of "Sinology" and "Ruxue" proposed by Fu Sinian were put forward within the framework of "World Chinese Studies", emphasizing that Chinese traditional studies are centered around "Sinology", while the strength of Western Chinese studies lies in "Ruxue". The "Sinology" referred to by Fu Sinian is different from Sinology in the West, as he opposes equating Chinese traditional culture and Chinese studies with Sinology in the West. Sinology in the West originated in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, belonging to the category of "new language literature" in the German literary tradition. It went beyond the study of a single ethnic language and formed the "Indo Germanic language family" and "ethnolinguistics". Western Sinology and Oriental Studies complement each other, and Sinology has become an important branch of the Oriental Studies system. The research object of Western Sinology is the language, literature, history, and culture of various ethnic groups in Qing Dynasty China, so it should correspond more to "Chinese studies" rather than narrow "Sinology".

three

The beginning of modern humanities in China was marked by Fu Sinian's establishment of the Institute of Historical Linguistics at the Academia Sinica in 1928. Fu Sinian advocated for the study of history and Chinese language as the core, transforming the traditional Chinese style "Guoxue" and Confucian classics, and constructing an ideal modern humanities research in China. His proposal of "Scientific Orientalism" focuses on Sinology as the main body, while also incorporating Chinese studies of other ancient ethnic languages and literature disciplines. Fu Sinian advocated the tradition of "Lu Xue" in French Sinology, which emphasizes the study of languages and documents of other ancient Chinese ethnic groups and regions beyond the Chinese language, and uses them to improve and solve problems in "Sinology". He believes that Chinese scholars lag behind Western Chinese scholars in the study of the "Four Descendants", and if they can learn the "Lu Xue" skills of Western scholars, they will have a dominant academic position in Sinology and Chinese studies. Fu Sinian emphasized that the study of ancient Chinese civilization in modern humanities should be a historical and linguistic study of ancient Chinese spiritual and material civilization, rather than traditional studies of classics and philosophy. He criticized the deviation of Chinese scholars who only understand "Sinology" and cannot expand new materials beyond Chinese language literature. Fu Sinian praised Wang Guowei and Chen Yinque for their studies of history and language, especially their studies of Mongolia and Xizang, which belong to the nature of "xenocracy", and the study of northwest geography. The four mentors at Tsinghua University are all masters of history and Chinese studies who oppose tradition and "traditional Chinese studies". Their academic research has nothing to do with the ideal "traditional Chinese studies" in the old Chinese tradition. Fu Sinian drew on the tradition of French sinology to realize the modernization of Chinese humanities and academic efforts, gathered many academic talents, and promoted the brilliant development of Chinese humanities in the Republic of China era.

four

Explored the relationship between Sinology, Luxology, and Sinology, and emphasized the core position of Chinese language studies in these disciplines. Sinology not only includes the study of Chinese language, but also encompasses the multi-ethnic language research of classical Chinese civilization. Fu Sinian proposed the idea of conducting historical language research on ancient Chinese civilization in his book "The Purpose of the Work of the Institute of Historical Language Research", combining sinology and xenology to form the foundation of Chinese studies. The Western modern humanities emphasize the study of history and linguistics. The Institute of Historical Linguistics established by Fu Sinian was the first modern humanities research institute in China. His concepts of "history as historical materials" and "linguistics as history" emphasized the inseparability of history and linguistics. Fu Sinian's historical view echoes the objective reconstruction of history concept of the European Lanke School in the 19th century, advocating the use of natural science methods for objective historical research. Fu Sinian also proposed three objectives for historical language research, emphasizing the importance of directly studying materials and the necessity of expanding research tools. He advocates the use of comparative linguistics methods to construct ancient Chinese linguistics, attaches importance to the study of non Chinese languages, and aims to establish historical connections between Chinese multi-ethnic languages. The comparative linguistic methods of Boxi and are of great significance in the study of Sinology and Chinese studies. Fu Sinian hopes to use these methods to process newly acquired materials and promote the establishment of the Institute of Historical Linguistics. Despite significant changes in humanities research over the past century, Fu Sinian's academic philosophy still holds practical significance for building a new era of world Chinese studies.