In depth analysis of the impact of climate change on international politics and global governance, particularly NATO's attention and governance investment in climate security risks. The article first outlines ten types of security risks caused by climate change, and then reviews in detail the three stages of NATO climate security governance: cognitive shaping, institutional building, and agenda formation. In the cognitive shaping stage, NATO began to link climate change with security issues; During the institutional construction phase, NATO incorporated climate change into its strategic documents and established a diverse organizational framework; During the agenda formation stage, NATO approved the climate change and security agenda, launched an action plan, and proposed carbon reduction targets. The article also points out that there is relatively limited research on NATO's climate security agenda in both domestic and international academia. This article aims to explore its characteristics, motivations, impacts, and evolutionary prospects, providing reference for China to address challenges and strengthen cooperation.

1、 The main features of NATO's climate security agenda

After the release of documents in 2021 and 2022, the NATO Climate Security Agenda has entered a comprehensive deepening stage. Its main features include: promoting organizational green transformation through a collective security framework, ensuring military security and collective defense as core goals, building a global partnership network, taking climate science research and technological innovation as advantageous paths, and having regional preferences. NATO regards military security and collective defense as its primary goals, and enhances climate security awareness and capabilities through top-level design and member state defense green transformation plans. NATO also plans to incorporate climate change factors into multi domain work, enhance the climate resilience of supply and procurement cooperation, and strengthen communication and cooperation with partner countries and international organizations.

2、 The driving force behind the development of NATO's climate security agenda

In depth exploration of the driving forces behind NATO's climate security agenda, it was pointed out that the new developments in NATO's external security strategy since 2022 are mainly influenced by the threat of climate change to military operations and the security environment, the impact of the Ukraine crisis and the European energy crisis, as well as the need for US and European countries to enhance their international influence. Climate change is seen as a "threat multiplier" for NATO's security operations in the Euro Atlantic region, directly and indirectly increasing NATO's military defense risks. NATO needs to strengthen climate security governance to maintain its core mission, including addressing the deterioration of military operational environmental conditions caused by climate change, the reduced resilience of critical infrastructure, as well as issues such as resource competition, climate refugees, and terrorism.

3、 The impact and limitations of NATO's climate security agenda

The NATO Climate Security Agenda promotes green transformation within the framework of collective security, and for the first time proposes defense emission reduction targets and releases methods for measuring military and civilian greenhouse gas emissions, marking a new stage in governance. This agenda aims to accelerate the transformation of "Global NATO" by building global partnerships and participating in crisis management outside the region, expanding the scope of cooperation, and enhancing its influence in international affairs. NATO focuses on addressing climate change as a key issue in its external relations, providing humanitarian assistance and responding to natural disasters, strengthening organizational consultations, training, and scenario building, and plans to enhance research, training, and exercise support related to climate change.

conclusion

NATO plays a crucial role in global climate security governance and defense military emissions reduction. Since 2021, NATO has developed a comprehensive climate security agenda based on the CCSAP program and climate change assessment report, promoting the global transformation of NATO and the development of climate governance. China should have a deep understanding of the NATO agenda, explore ways to address challenges and strengthen cooperation, adhere to the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and incorporate climate security work into the overall construction of ecological civilization and socio-economic development. China should achieve its dual carbon goals, improve its climate security thinking and strategic system, enhance climate science research, promote a carbon neutral policy system, improve the carbon trading market, expand the development of photovoltaics and new energy vehicles, and respond to green technology blockades. At the same time, China should establish a climate security strategic system, enhance the environmental resilience of military facilities and personnel, and develop innovative national defense green technologies. In terms of multilateral cooperation, China should participate in the formulation of international carbon rules, provide climate security public goods, expand trust in green development, enhance the quality of climate governance cooperation mechanisms, maintain the core position of the United Nations climate governance system, build a global climate security governance framework for win-win cooperation, and provide support for fragile countries.