The United States and more than 50 countries issued the Declaration on the Future of the Internet, which aims to build an open, competitive, privacy and human rights protecting Internet. This reflects that in the era of digital competition, the Biden government has paid more attention to the competition among major countries in the Internet field, and tried to suppress China and Russia and other countries through ideology, technology alliance, institutional locking and other ways to strengthen the US network hegemony. This is not only part of the Biden administration's technology strategy, but also a reflection of the strategic competition between China and the United States in the digital age. It is necessary to analyze the origin, objectives, means and impact of the future alliance of the US Internet.

1、 Strategic origin of Internet future alliance

The Biden administration is strengthening its cyberspace policy, promoting supply chain security and a "chip alliance," forcing semiconductor companies to decouple from China. The United States strengthens cooperation in cyberspace within multilateral cooperation mechanisms, with the aim of aggregating power for great power games. The strategy of the Internet Future Alliance aims to build an Internet alliance with a wide range of member countries, rich cooperation content and strict cooperation system to strengthen the hegemony of the United States in cyberspace. The alliance plans to strengthen cooperation in technology research and development, network rules, and other aspects, and integrate the loose cyberspace cooperation of the United States. However, this strategic concept faces difficulties such as partisan differences, great power competition, alliance differences, and public questioning. The two major political parties in the United States have differences in internet governance, with the Republican Party believing that social media control is too strict and violates freedom of speech; The Democratic Party believes that social media control is too loose, with too much hate speech, misinformation, false information, and illegal content. The document "Internet Future Alliance" reflects strong competition among major countries, which is not conducive to global network governance cooperation. The so-called 'democratic countries' that the United States is trying to win over also have differences in internet governance. Many non-governmental organizations question that the Internet Future Alliance led by the United States is similar to the existing platform built by non-governmental organizations, while the government's entry has led to the marginalization of the existing platform. Due to the above factors, the document of the Internet Future Alliance had to be delayed and could not be publicly announced at the Democracy Summit. It was not until five months later, after the revision of the document, that the United States signed and issued the Declaration on the Future of the Internet with more than 50 countries around the world, marking an important step forward for the Internet future alliance that the United States was trying to build. The Declaration on the Future of the Internet reflects the hegemonic demands of the United States in cyberspace in recent years, and is a phased product of the United States' efforts to build a future Internet alliance. Although the policy tone of the new document has declined, the United States is still in the process of promoting the construction of the Internet future alliance, which will have a profound impact on global network governance and will greatly affect the competition among major countries in the digital era.

2、 Strategic objectives of the Internet future alliance

The strategic objectives of the Internet future alliance were discussed, including maintaining the hegemony of the United States in cyberspace, promoting the development of the digital economy, creating a "volunteer alliance" in cyberspace, and competing for the dominance of cyberspace governance. The United States maintains its digital hegemony by forming alliances to counter the influence of countries such as China in cyberspace. At the same time, the United States is using alliances to promote free trade and infrastructure development in the digital sector to support its economic recovery and growth. In addition, the United States also strengthened Internet cooperation with other countries through alliances, integrated cooperation resources, and sought leadership in cyberspace governance. Guided by American governance principles, the United States formed an "iron wall" in the supply chain, technology chain, and information chain.

3、 Promotion means of Internet future alliance strategy

The implementation means of the U.S. strategy to promote the future alliance of the Internet include: using the existing cooperation foundation, focusing on cyberspace cooperation of existing alliances, strengthening the docking with existing cooperation mechanisms, and strengthening international mobilization. The United States takes NATO as the core mechanism to promote Internet cooperation between the United States and Europe, promote NATO member countries to sign the Declaration on the Future of the Internet, and strengthen NATO cooperation in the Internet field. The United States also strengthened Internet cooperation in the Asia Pacific region, launched high-end cooperation with Japan, South Korea and other countries, and supported South Korea to join the NATO Cooperative Network Defense Center. The United States pays attention to the connection between the Internet Future Alliance and existing multilateral mechanisms, such as the United Nations G7、 G20 and other countries to strengthen international mobilization capabilities. The United States has strengthened international mobilization by both hard and soft means, set up Internet checkpoints to force more countries to join the alliance, and actively attracted non-state actors to participate. The United States is encircling and isolating China and Russia in cyberspace, hyping up the threat of "cyber authoritarianism," promoting technological decoupling, offsetting China's advantages in the field of network infrastructure, and suppressing China and Russia to control the rules of cyberspace governance.

4、 The influence of Internet future alliance strategy promotion

The US Internet Future Alliance strategy has achieved initial results, and has built an issue alliance with strong ideology, which has an important impact on cyberspace hegemony, China US relations, and network governance. This strategy has exacerbated the power imbalance in cyberspace, with the United States consolidating its cyber hegemony through alliances and restricting countries such as China and Russia. The competition between China and the United States in cyberspace will become more intense. The Biden government will build a future Internet alliance as an important measure to isolate and exclude China. The pressure of third-party countries to "choose sides and stand in line" in cyberspace has increased, and the pressure of the United States on China in the Internet field has brought pressure on other countries. Global cyberspace governance will be more difficult. The Biden government's creation of a future alliance for the Internet has exacerbated governance fragmentation. The United States is trying to stop the trend of multi polarization in the field of global cyberspace governance and maintain its voice and dominance in cyberspace.

5、 Limitations of Internet future alliance strategy promotion

Discussed the limitations of the Internet future alliance strategy promoted by the United States. Firstly, there are ideological differences within the alliance, and the attractiveness of the United States in the ideological field has declined, questioning its foundation of "liberal democratic values". Secondly, there are differences among member states of the alliance, especially in areas such as data governance and technological cooperation. The interests of the United States and Europe, as well as the United States and its Asia Pacific allies, are not aligned. Third, the specific implementation path of the Internet Future Alliance is not clear enough, and the lack of rigid implementation rules has affected the realization of the strategic objectives. Finally, the majority of developing countries adopt a wait-and-see attitude towards the alliance, focusing more on practical interests rather than ideological consensus. The United States' assistance in the field of the internet is limited, and it demands the suppression of Chinese companies and restrictions on technology use, which is not in line with the interests of developing countries. These limitations call into question the long-term development and actual effect of the Internet future alliance.

6、 Conclusion

The Biden government has strengthened international mobilization through multilateralism, strengthened traditional alliance relations, and built a broad Internet future alliance in cyberspace, aiming to split the Internet, seek technological monopoly and network hegemony. The United States regards China as an important strategic competitor. Although the Internet Future Declaration is mainly based on ideological mobilization, it may continue to promote cooperation in technology research and development, rule making and other aspects in the future. China needs to respond to the pertinence of the US Internet Future Alliance in cyberspace concepts, technologies, rules and other aspects, emphasize network sovereignty and network equity, improve network technology capabilities, give play to the advantages of multi subjects, strengthen cooperation with developing countries, and promote multi polarization of global network governance.