1 Introduction

Suicide is a central theme in Dostoevsky's works, reflecting his attitude towards social issues in 19th century Russia. The Demons explores the contradiction between empirical rationality and personal beliefs, as well as the social unrest caused by young revolutionaries, through the suicide of Kirilov and Stavrokin. Western scholars analyze the author's social perspective through the intertextuality between characters and real events, while Russian scholars focus more on the characters' inner motivations and ideological logic, exploring the connection between religious views and issues such as morality, crime, and freedom. In recent years, scholars have also discussed the similarities and differences between Tuo Weng's novels and other works. This article analyzes the correlation between the suicide spaces of Stavrokin and Kirilov, explores the author's reflection on the contradiction between "reason faith", and evaluates the value of the Russian revolutionary wave at that time.

The Intertextuality of Time and Space in Suicide Writing

Explored the temporal and spatial intertextuality of Kirilov and Stavrokin's suicidal behavior in the novel 'The Demons'. Both of them faced a major crisis when they committed suicide, and time was suspended at the moment of their suicide, deviating from linear development. Stavrokin replaced language with writing and constructed his final image through text, making the meaning of his death uncertain. Kirilov constantly pondered the legitimacy and free will of suicide before committing it, and the moment of death was infinitely suspended. Spatially, Stavrokin committed suicide on the top floor of the estate, while Kirilov lived in the lower level apartment, reflecting the correspondence of their character relationships. This arrangement reflects Dostoevsky's dramatic writing technique of inner contradictions, which is related to the spatial arrangement in Dante's Divine Comedy. The construction of time and space in 'The Demons' deviates from the principle of' suffering redemption ', and the two ultimately perish in a' purgatory 'during a critical moment.

Value evaluation in suicide writing

Explored the ideological contradictions of intellectuals in the 1870s under the influence of Western thought, particularly their blind pursuit of empirical materialism and non religious beliefs. Dostoevsky believed that once this pursuit is thwarted, it will lead to "logical suicide". The article analyzes the suicide behaviors of two characters, Stavrokin and Kirilov, based on nihilistic logic and Feuerbach's "human god" logic, respectively. Stavrokin's suicide reflects the pursuit of absolute nothingness, while Kirilov's suicide is an extreme practice of the "human god" logic. The suicidal behavior of both reveals Dostoevsky's value judgment on nihilism and the logic of "man god", as well as his profound reflection on the revolutionary wave triggered by these ideas. The article points out that rational logic cannot prove the highest meaning of life, and the meaning of life exists in the sincere emotions of humanity and the connection with the nation and the people, which is lacking in the knowledge class.

The significance of the era in suicide writing

Explored the connection between suicide writing in 'The Demons' and the social revolution wave in Russia in the 1870s. Nihilism and the logic of "man god" led the revolution to deviate from freedom and humanity, and Jacobinism placed rational principles above social concerns, moving towards anti secularism. The Nechayev case reflects the consequences of the detachment of Russian enlightenment education from the soil of life. Dostoevsky emphasized the nobility of the Russian nation and suggested different value judgments on suicide and freedom guided by nihilism through suicide writing, providing a way to redemption. Kirilov extended the logic of "human god" to the whole society, leading to unlimited freedom moving towards unlimited dictatorship. Stavrokin saw the falsehood of freedom and devoted himself to the pursuit of pure freedom. The author suggests the possibility of redemption through the arrangement of suicide space, and the advice of monk Jihong expresses the author's inner thoughts. Suicide writing reflects the plight of young people in the era, teaching young revolutionaries to root in the national soil and pay attention to specific individuals.

5 Conclusion

Explored Dostoevsky's suicidal behavior through nihilism in "The Demons" and criticized the rift between young revolutionaries and the nation and the people. He called on young revolutionaries to abandon foreign theories, understand Russia, bridge the gap between the nation and the people, and become true fundamentalists and pure Russians.