1. Introduction

This paper discusses the importance of politeness in pragmatics, especially the relationship between politeness and civilization in the context of China's "new form of human civilization". Emphasizing politeness is a part of Chinese culture, closely related to etiquette culture and moral concepts. This paper explores how to construct a polite discourse system to represent, disseminate, and construct a new form of human civilization. Starting from the relationship between politeness, friendliness, harmony, and civilization, it analyzes the role of polite discourse in social civilization and constructs a framework for the polite discourse system under the new form of civilization.

2. The development trend of politeness research

The study of politeness in the field of pragmatics has gone through three development trends since the 1970s: the scope of research has expanded from polite phenomena in language to impolite phenomena; The research paradigm shifts from politeness face relationships to new paradigms based on relationship management, discourse analysis, framing, and pragmatic identity; The research perspective has expanded from a single field to multiple directions such as cross-cultural pragmatics and interpersonal pragmatics. Politeness research has undergone social and moral shifts, beginning to focus on social issues and the relationship between politeness and morality. The Chinese pragmatics community needs to deepen its research on the politeness characteristics derived from etiquette culture, and explore politeness research under the perspective of new civilization forms, constructing a polite discourse system that is compatible with new civilization forms, in order to spread cultural values such as "harmony", "friendliness", and "respect".

3. Social civilization forms and polite discourse characteristics under the grand historical perspective

Explored the relationship between social civilization forms and polite discourse characteristics in different historical periods. During the period of the old democratic revolution, polite language reflected the social characteristics of the mixture of old and new, the use of both literary and colloquial language, the hierarchy of social order, male superiority and female inferiority, as well as the characteristics of the era of Western learning spreading eastward. During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, polite language tended to be colloquial and popular, reflecting the social characteristics of equality, respect, friendliness, and affinity, as well as the era characteristics of being both refined and vulgar, simple and unadorned. During the socialist period, the characteristics of polite discourse were characterized by a simple and plain writing style, a social feature of equality, closeness, respect, and humility, and an era feature of changing customs and getting closer to life. In the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization construction, polite discourse reflects the characteristics of diverse language forms and communication channels, especially the development of online social media has brought new features of language politeness and civilization. The changes in polite language not only reflect the level of social civilization in different periods, but also indicate the role of language in representing, spreading, and constructing civilization.

4. Construction of Polite Discourse System under the New Civilization Perspective

Explored the necessity and path of constructing a polite discourse system in the new form of human civilization. The new form of civilization emphasizes the coordinated development of material, political, spiritual, social, and ecological civilization. This new form has given birth to new forms of polite discourse expression, which play an important role in representing, constructing, and disseminating the new form of civilization. Starting from the relationship between politeness and friendliness, harmony, and civilization, this chapter analyzes the representation, dissemination, and construction role of politeness in the form of social civilization. Friendliness, as one of the core socialist values, embodies the basic moral principles of citizens and the harmony of interpersonal relationships. Harmony, as a manifestation of the traditional Chinese "ritual" cultural ideology, is the pursuit of building a harmonious society and achieving social civilization. The intrinsic connection between politeness and civilization indicates that politeness not only represents civilization, but also spreads and constructs civilization. Under the new civilization form, research on polite discourse should conform to the representation and dissemination needs of the new civilization form. The construction of a polite discourse system should be guided by the idea of "a community with a shared future for mankind", with "cultural exchange and civilization mutual learning" as the communication stage, with "harmony and unity" as the global governance goal, and "friendly values" and "harmonious values" as the core, covering four types: interpersonal communication, cultural communication, business communication, and political dialogue. The carriers for realizing the value of polite discourse include social media, news media, literary translation, film and television media, etc. The paths are diverse, including diplomatic releases, academic exchanges, business negotiations, educational cooperation, and other activities. The polite discourse system in the perspective of the new form of civilization aims to use cultural soft power to help characterize, disseminate, and construct a new form of human civilization.

5. Conclusion

Polite language is a social practice representation of cultural values, which can represent and spread social civilization forms, as well as construct social civilization forms. The study of polite discourse needs to conform to the value representation and dissemination needs promoted by the new civilization form. This article constructs a polite discourse system based on the values of "friendliness" and "harmony", aiming to meet the needs of representing, disseminating, and constructing new forms of human civilization. This study has opened up a new path for politeness research in the context of new forms of civilization, shifting from the study of polite discourse in language communication to the study of polite discourse that represents and disseminates cultural values in civilization mutual learning. It has the value of reconstructing international pragmatics politeness theory and striving for the discourse power of politeness research in China.