The Food Security Law, as the fundamental law in the field of food in China, aims to ensure effective supply of food and national food security, enhance the ability to resist risks, and maintain social stability and national security. This law covers multiple aspects such as farmland protection, grain production, storage, circulation, processing, emergency response, and conservation. In response to the problems of insufficient total arable land and low quality, the law has proposed systems such as land use control and compensation for arable land protection. In the development of seed industry, emphasis is placed on the protection of germplasm resources and the construction of a breeding system for high-quality seeds. In order to improve farmers' enthusiasm for planting grain, the law also stipulates measures such as grain production functional zones and income guarantee mechanisms. In addition, the law has made institutional arrangements for grain conservation and reduction, clarifying the responsibilities of the government, producers, operators, and consumers to promote food conservation throughout society. The formulation and implementation of the Food Security Law have strengthened the rule of law and institutionalization of food security, responding to the expectations and requirements of society.