The economic and trade cooperation between China and Indonesia is becoming increasingly close at the bilateral, regional, and global levels, playing an important role in economic growth and improving people's livelihoods. The research mainly focuses on the characteristics of bilateral trade, progress in strategic docking cooperation, and cooperation in key areas such as minerals, finance, and marine economy. The innovation of this article lies in systematically analyzing the complementarity of economic structures using the latest trade data, discussing cooperation models in areas such as infrastructure, key minerals, e-commerce, and finance, and exploring the potential for deepening cooperation based on Indonesian industrial policies, such as new energy vehicles, smartphones, infrastructure, and marine economy.

1、 The History and Characteristics of Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and Indonesia

Since the restoration of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia in 1990, economic and trade cooperation has been continuously strengthened, especially after the establishment of the comprehensive strategic partnership in 2013. The two sides have carried out comprehensive cooperation under multiple regional economic cooperation mechanisms, forming a new pattern of "four-wheel drive" in political, economic, cultural, and maritime cooperation. Under the "the Belt and Road" initiative and the "Global Maritime Fulcrum" strategy, the two countries have signed a number of cooperation documents, promoting the construction cooperation of regional comprehensive economic corridors and the two countries' twin parks.

2、 Industrial policies are expected to help Indonesia unleash its economic growth potential and solidify the foundation of cooperation between China and Indonesia

During President Joko Widodo's tenure, the Indonesian economy maintained stable growth, with manufacturing becoming a key factor driving economic development. Although Indonesia's manufacturing industry ranks low in the global competitiveness index, the government actively promotes its development through the implementation of the "Indonesia Industry 4.0" plan and optimization of foreign investment policies. Indonesia has abundant natural resources, a young population structure, and a huge market size, providing favorable conditions for economic growth.

3、 Areas where China and Indonesia are expected to deepen cooperation in the future

The areas that China and Indonesia are expected to deepen cooperation under the "the Belt and Road" framework include new energy vehicles, smart phone manufacturing industry, and exploring a new cooperation model of "infrastructure+industrial parks". Indonesia has key mineral reserves and market advantages in the field of new energy vehicles, while China has technological advantages. Both sides can cooperate to promote industrial chain integration. Indonesia's restrictive policies remind Chinese companies to pay attention to the choice of cooperation mode and avoid technology outflow. In the field of smartphones, Indonesia's labor costs and market advantages attract China to transfer production capacity, and Chinese brands have a significant market share in Indonesia. Both countries can further adjust their competitive strategies and leverage Indonesia's labor advantages.

4、 Future prospects

China and Indonesia should strengthen political mutual trust, promote multi-level communication and exchange, consolidate the foundation of friendly public opinion, and jointly build the "the Belt and Road". China should help Chinese enterprises understand the Indonesian market, leverage their technological, financial, and experiential advantages, and formulate investment strategies rationally. At the same time, China needs to pay attention to Indonesia's policy trends, prevent policy change risks, choose cooperation methods reasonably, and protect the interests of Chinese enterprises. In addition, China should be vigilant against third-party interference, strengthen cooperation with ASEAN, RCEP and other countries, enhance regional connections, and strengthen the common interests of developing countries.