1. Introduction

Introduced the role of result structures in expressing relationships in language, and distinguished strong result structures from weak result structures through Washio's research. Identify the strength and weakness of Chinese result structures, as well as the flexibility and high productivity of Chinese verb structures. Under the framework of distributed morphology, this study explores the syntactic discrimination methods, generation mechanisms, and their correlation with the separation of strong and weak verb structures in Chinese. The aim is to deepen our understanding of the syntactic features of verb structure morphology and provide a new perspective for cross linguistic research.

2. Structural Dichotomy of Results and Its Problems

Washio (1997) proposed a result structure dichotomy based on Levin u0026 Rappaport Hovav's (1995) predicate decomposition pattern, distinguishing between strong and weak result structures. In strong result structures, the result state expressed by secondary predicates cannot be predicted from the semantics of the active word, such as in English examples "danced his felt sore" and "sang his throat hoarse". In weak result structures, the semantic meaning of the active word contains a certain result tendency, and secondary predicates further explain or refer to this state, such as "wired the table clean" and "sharpened the pencil pointy". This dichotomy reveals the differences in the encoding of outcome events among different languages, such as German, Dutch, and Swedish allowing strong and weak outcome structures, while Romance languages, Japanese, and Korean only allow weak outcome structures. There is also a separation of strong and weak result structures in Chinese verb structure, such as "jumping sore legs" and "wiping clean the table". However, there are two issues with this binary classification: 1) Relying solely on semantic implication relationships for differentiation may not be reliable, as causal relationships in reality are complex and it is often difficult to determine whether the resulting complement is contained in the active word meaning; 2) Can the distinction between strong and weak verb constructions be reflected in syntactic properties and is there a correlation with their argument implementation. This article attempts to examine the differences in syntactic expression between strong and weak Chinese verb structures by establishing syntactic discriminative structures, and analyze the generation process of the two types of verb structures within a distributed morphological framework, explaining the separation of syntactic features between the two types of structures from the perspective of generation mechanisms.

3. Syntactic discrimination methods for strong and weak verb constructions

Explored the syntactic discrimination methods of strong and weak verb structures in Chinese. Firstly, by analyzing the question element relationship between verbs and their consequent objects, it is proposed whether "pseudo objects" can be allowed as one of the means of identification. Strong verb constructions can allow pseudo objects, while weak verb constructions cannot. Secondly, it was explored whether it could be converted into a result oriented "de" sentence with the word "du" as a means of identification, where strong verbs could be converted while weak verbs could not. Finally, it was discussed whether an inverted conjunction could be used as a means of identification, and it was pointed out that only when the semantics of V and R in the conjunction are independent of each other, can an inverted conjunction be formed. These identification methods help distinguish strong and weak verb structures in Chinese.

4. Generative analysis based on distributed morphology

Explored the application of Distributed Morphology (DM) in the generation and analysis of strong and weak verb structures in Chinese. DM advocates that word formation and sentence construction share the same generation mechanism, namely the "single engine hypothesis". The starting point for sentence deduction is the bare root without linguistic features, which need to be merged with categorical morphemes before they can participate in syntactic operations. The generation of gerund involves the merging of the naked roots of V and R with functional morphemes to obtain classification. There is a divergence in the academic community regarding the syntactic classification of V and R, with some believing that the roots first classify and then combine, while others believe that the roots first combine and then classify. Yang Yanhua proposed that word roots have omitted syntactic features during merging to ensure the core role of functional morphemes in syntactic categories while maintaining semantic transparency.

5. Explanation of syntactic differences between strong and weak verb constructions

Analyzed the differences in syntactic expression between strong and weak verb structures in Chinese through example sentences. Strong verb constructions allow for the existence of pseudo objects because there is no semantic selection relationship between the root and the object during their generation process, while weak verb constructions require semantic connections between the inner argument and the root, and do not allow pseudo objects. Strong inflectional constructions can be converted into "de" sentences with "du" because the root and functional morpheme can continue to move up after fusion, while weak inflectional constructions cannot meet the conversion requirements as a whole after the root is merged. Strong inflectional constructions can form inverted inflectional constructions because the fusion of the root and vCause can be combined with vDo, which conforms to the rule of homophonic deletion. On the other hand, weak inflectional constructions cannot form inverted inflectional constructions because they cannot find completely identical components after merging the roots.

6. Conclusion

Based on Washio's result structure binary method, this paper explores the distinction and generation mechanism of Chinese strong and weak verb constructions. Through the three discriminative expressions of the syntax semantic interface, the opposing relationship between strong and weak verb constructions in the construction of pseudo objects, "de" sentence conversions, and inverted verb constructions is revealed. Research has shown that the semantic implication relationship between V and R affects the syntactic expression of the conjunction. Under the DM framework, the syntactic derivation mechanisms of strong and weak inflectional constructions are different. Strong inflectional constructions first classify and then combine, while weak inflectional constructions first combine and then classify, reflecting the semantic implication relationship and syntactic expression differences between the two.