introduction

The French verb conjugation is the core of inflectional research, and the third group of verb conjugation is complex and easily confused. Foreign language learners are prone to confusion when acquiring word forms, and although existing grammar books and monographs are helpful, they are inconvenient to use. This article uses multivariate statistical analysis methods to summarize more explanatory rules of French verb inflection changes, in order to deepen theoretical research and assist learners.

1、 Literature Review

Inflectional morphology focuses on the inflectional changes of words, including verb conjugation and case conjugation. Staples distinguished between the categories of whole inflectional and separated inflectional categories and proposed a root based inflectional classification. Yu Ou describes French verb conjugation from the perspective of morpheme morphology, while Bonaire and Bovaye focus on the phenomenon of complementary and divergent elements, propose the theory of root space, and explore the characteristics of roots. Bovaye analyzed the distribution of verb inflectional forms and found the relationship between different inflectional forms. Stampe and Finkel classified French verbs into 72 categories, and Pan Junming proposed the "R-conjugation map" and 72 strategic verbs to summarize French verb conjugation. Research has shown that the roots of present tense inflections in the direct statement form are related to roots of other tense inflections, which is helpful for verb conjugation and vocabulary acquisition. Existing research mostly explores from a single perspective, lacking the combination of phonetics and writing forms, and is difficult to apply in teaching practice.

2、 Research Design

The study focuses on the inflectional categories of the third group of verbs in the present tense of French direct expressions, exploring their quantity, characteristics, productivity, similarities, and differences. The data is sourced from the "Robert French Dictionary", "La Roche French Chinese Dictionary", and "Progressive Variation of French Verbs", analyzing a total of 418 verbs. The research steps include: using Stump's theoretical framework to collect verb conjugation forms, summarizing inflectional change markers, conducting cluster analysis using SPSS software, calculating the productivity of inflectional categories, and conducting multidimensional analysis of the similarities and differences in inflectional categories.

3、 Research results

By using cluster analysis to classify French verb conjugation, a total of 29 inflectional categories were obtained. The verb Ê TRE is classified independently due to its unique inflectional form, while verbs such as TORDRE, PERDRE, VENDRE are classified together due to their similar inflectional forms. The inflectional forms have different production abilities, with the 24th inflectional category having the highest production ability and containing 62 members, such as commonly used verbs like R É PONDRE, DESCENDRE, TORDRE, etc. The 20th inflectional category has 54 members, with the characteristic being that the consonant at the end of the plural person inflectional root is/z/u003csu003e. The first to fourth inflectional categories have the lowest productivity, mainly high-frequency words of auxiliary or semi auxiliary verbs with special inflections. Through multidimensional analysis, the 29 bending categories are roughly divided into 6 groups, each with different displacement characteristics. For example, the first group consists of Ê TRE and G É SIR, with special displacement; The second and third groups of verbs remove the infinitive suffix - re in singular person conjugation, and add or replace consonants in the root in plural person conjugation; The fourth group of verbs removes the infinitive suffix - re and the final consonant/d/or/t/during conjugation; the fifth group of verbs has special roots during singular and third person plural conjugation; The sixth group of verbs requires a change in root in singular and third person plural inflections, while the first and second person plural inflections are more regular. Multidimensional analysis helps to reveal verb categories that learners are prone to confusion and improve lexical acquisition efficiency.

conclusion

The study used morphological and multivariate statistical analysis methods to analyze the inflectional changes of the third group of verbs in the present tense of French direct presentation. Combining phonology and written morphology, 29 inflectional categories were summarized, and the productivity of each category was calculated. The aim is to deepen the theory of French inflectional morphology and promote lexical teaching and acquisition.