1 Introduction

It introduced the friendly relations between Pakistan and China, and emphasized the importance of understanding the Pakistani language for exploring domestic ethnic conflicts, political security and promoting the "the Belt and Road" initiative. The ethnic composition of Pakistan is complex, and language conflicts are one of the manifestations of ethnic conflicts. The government constructs national identity by promoting Urdu as the national language. Academic research on language issues in Pakistan has mostly focused on the conflict between Urdu and other ethnic languages, as well as language policies and language ecology, with less exploration of the relationship between the promotion of the national language and the construction of national identity. This paper aims to explore Pakistan's language policy and planning from the perspective of language ideology, analyze the relationship between the promotion of national language and the construction of national identity, explore the impact of language policy on social development, and provide language service support and planning reference for the "the Belt and Road" initiative.

2 "Inverted Herd": Language Ideology in the Blueprint for Promoting the National Language of Pakistan

Explored the role of language ideology in the promotion policy of the Pakistani national language, analyzed the theoretical connotation of language ideology, and pointed out that language ideology is a key perspective connecting national language promotion and national identity. It originates from the Sapir Whorf theory, involving concepts such as the value and status of language, which influence people's use of language and identity recognition. In the context of the rise of nation states, written language combined with national identity has become a symbol of national identity. Pakistan faced a dilemma of national identity upon independence due to its complexity of being multi-ethnic and multilingual, lacking a unified national identity. Although Urdu is not a national language, it was chosen as the national language due to its importance in the founding movement to promote national identity. The Pakistani government guarantees the status of Urdu language through the constitution, carries out language reforms, promotes Urdu language, and completes the construction of citizens' national identity. This process reflects the "inverted Herder" thinking, where the need for national identity defines the status of Urdu as the national language, rather than language identity preceding ethnic identity.

Promotion Policy of Urdu as the National Language of Pakistan

The Pakistani government has established the status of Urdu as the national language through legislation, and all three versions of the constitution have confirmed Urdu as the national language. Article 251 of the 1973 Constitution designated Urdu as the sole national language and planned to replace English as the official language within the next 15 years. The Pakistani government has established a National Language Promotion Office to promote the application of Urdu in administrative, educational, academic, and other fields. The Urdu vocabulary reform aims to "Pakistanize", reduce the use of Sanskrit and Persian etymological vocabulary, and emphasize the connection with Islam. The Pakistani government is promoting the creation of Urdu terminology to meet the application needs in fields such as technology and law. The education policy stipulates that all primary schools should offer compulsory Urdu language courses, and the national standardized test will make Urdu a mandatory subject. The media and publications have also increased the promotion and popularization of Urdu language.

The Effectiveness and Implications of Pakistan's National Language Promotion Policy

The Pakistani government has promoted Urdu as the national language and achieved certain results. Most educated citizens can use Urdu, but it has not completely solved the problem of national identity construction. During the promotion of Urdu language, the symbolic meaning of its unified national identity was not accepted by all citizens, and there were ethnic separatist movements in some areas, such as Balochistan province. The promotion of Urdu emphasizes the Islamic characteristics of the language and is associated with conservatism, while liberal humanists and left-wing intellectuals support English as an administrative and educational language. The policy of promoting English and Urdu has led to an imbalance between the poor and elite classes in society. The Pakistani constitution stipulates that the official language should be converted to Urdu as soon as possible, but the unification of the official language and national language has not yet been achieved. The promotion policy of the national language in Pakistan reflects the limitations of monolingual language policies in post colonial countries, ignoring the demands of other ethnic language users and making it difficult to abandon the highly modernized and elite accepted language of the former colonial power - English.

5 Conclusion

The importance of the Pakistani government promoting Urdu as a means of building a unified national identity was emphasized, and it was pointed out that this policy reflects monolingual ideology, but has not fully resolved linguistic conflicts. At the same time, the importance of cultivating Urdu language talents for the construction of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor is proposed, and it is suggested to incorporate the study of other ethnic languages in Pakistan into Urdu language teaching to promote cultural exchange and smooth project implementation.