1 Introduction

The application of Chinese Pinyin in the spelling of place names was discussed, and the differences and errors in the spelling of Chinese Pinyin in Beijing street signs were pointed out. The main issues include inconsistency between spelling and linking, which violates the structure and rationale of place names. For example, the spelling of names such as "Dongjiao Minxiang" and "China Strong Hutong" incorrectly separates the modifier from the modifier. In addition, the spelling of similar street and alley names is inconsistent, such as the different spelling of directional words between "West Fourth North Street" and "West Fourth South Street", as well as inconsistent use of numbers. These issues not only violate the rationale of place names, but also undermine the protection of cultural heritage of place names and the inheritance of urban context. The article proposes that the "Basic Rules of Chinese Pinyin Orthography" and "Chinese Pinyin Alphabet Spelling Rules for Place Names (Part of Chinese Place Names)" should be revised based on the structure and rationale of place names to correct existing spelling errors and improve the level of place name management.

2. Geographical name structure: Taking the names of roads in Beijing as an example

In depth exploration of the structure of road names in Beijing, particularly the distinction between proper and common names and their application in Chinese Pinyin spelling. The proper name is used to distinguish various geographic entities, while the generic name is used to distinguish the categories of geographic entities. The Basic Rules of Chinese Pinyin Orthography stipulate the spelling of proper and common names, including the rules of separation and linking. In complex place names, it may be difficult to distinguish between proper names and common names, such as whether the "Da Jie" and "Heng Jie" in "Qianmen East Street" and "Sanlihe South Heng Street" are common names.

Rules for writing road names in Chinese Pinyin

In depth exploration of the spelling rules of Chinese Pinyin place names in practical applications, especially regarding the spelling of road names in Beijing. Firstly, it points out the shortcomings of the "Spelling Rules for Chinese Phonetic Alphabet of Geographical Names in China" and the "Basic Rules for Chinese Phonetic Alphabet Orthography" in dealing with modifiers and restrictive components in proper or common names, such as mistakenly linking the "West" in "Xiliao River" with proper names, when in fact "West" modifies the entire "Liao River". In addition, the rules did not fully consider the overall modifying and limiting elements of "proper name+common name", resulting in "back" in "Jingshan Back Street" and "south" in "Chaoyangmen Inner South Street" being mistakenly identified as modifying and limiting elements of the common name.

4 Conclusion

The structure of Chinese place names is complex, and the spelling of road names should follow their structure, be written separately or consecutively. Complex road names can be divided into up to four sections, but most are two or three sections. Directional words have diverse functions in road names, and when spelling, attention should be paid to their relationship with the preceding and following components. Correct spelling helps to protect the cultural heritage of place names and improve management level. The current spelling rules are too simple and can easily damage the structure of place names. They need to be revised to meet social needs.