Explored the importance of language disadvantaged groups in social security and fairness, and pointed out the issue of insufficient attention to this group in the current academic community. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the concept, classification, characteristics, and development trends of language disadvantaged groups from the perspective of language policy and planning. Based on the current research status, future research directions are proposed with the aim of promoting a deeper understanding and service for language disadvantaged groups.

Definition of the concept of vulnerable groups

An in-depth exploration of the concept definition of "vulnerable groups" was conducted, pointing out that the term first appeared in official Chinese documents in 2002, but the academic community has a long history of research on it. The West has paid early attention to this type of group, but there is no unified definition of its name and connotation. Rawls and Rossman respectively proposed different terms such as' least beneficiary 'and' socially vulnerable group '. Domestic scholars such as Qian Jiujie and Yu Shaoxiang have sorted out the origin and connotation of the concept, while Chen Chengwen, Zheng Hangsheng, Li Yingsheng, and others have provided definitions from a sociological perspective. Research shows that the formation of vulnerable groups is related to changes in social structure and stratification, and their connotations change with social development, expanding from the initial political and economic characteristics to various aspects such as culture and ability. Emerging concepts such as numbers, physical fitness, and information disadvantage groups continue to emerge, and language disadvantage groups have also become a research focus.

The connotation and extension of bilingual vulnerable groups

Deeply explored the connotation, extension, and classification of language disadvantaged groups. Language disadvantaged groups refer to those who are at a disadvantage due to language communication issues, and are closely related to their individual language abilities. Personal language proficiency refers to an individual's ability to complete tasks using language, which is crucial for personal development. However, many people's language abilities cannot meet social needs due to physiological barriers, social development, psychological disorders, and other factors. According to data from the China Disabled Persons' Federation, there are a large number of people with visual, auditory, and speech disabilities in our country, and population mobility has also led to diverse language life in society, increasing the possibility of language communication barriers.

Current Status and Reflection on Research on 3 Language Vulnerable Groups

In depth exploration of the research status of language disadvantaged groups in China, it is pointed out that current research mostly focuses on specific categories, such as physiological language disadvantaged groups (hearing impairment, visual impairment, etc.) and social and technical language disadvantaged groups (ethnic minorities, dialect groups, etc.), while research on psychological language disadvantaged groups is relatively scarce. The research involves multiple disciplines such as sociology, law, psychology, and medicine, with a focus on language rights protection, language education, pathological linguistics research, and emergency language services. Special mention was made of language issues among the elderly and the impact of information technology on language disadvantaged groups. At the same time, the chapter proposes future research directions, including combining the study of language vulnerable groups with national language capacity building, emphasizing the comprehensiveness and intersectionality of research, and conducting regional, domain, and phased analysis of language vulnerable groups.

4 Conclusion

The importance of studying language disadvantaged groups was emphasized, with the aim of safeguarding their language rights, education, and service quality to promote their social integration and personal development. At the same time, it was emphasized that this is a manifestation of social humanistic care and common development.