Explored the concept of "no litigation" proposed by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, emphasizing that rulers should prioritize benevolence and reduce disputes. Confucius believed that litigation is not an ideal state and that preventive measures should be taken to avoid litigation. Later generations understood 'no litigation' as the elimination of litigation and the expectation of a society without disputes. Confucius proposed in the Analects that the trial of litigation is not his expertise, but rather the prevention of litigation.