The design of topic based teaching should follow three principles: firstly, teachers need to clarify teaching objectives, ensure that topics are closely related to course content, and promote students' deep understanding; Secondly, the design should consider students' cognitive level and interests, choose appropriate topics, and stimulate students' enthusiasm for participating in discussions; Finally, teaching activities should focus on practicality and interactivity, and improve students' critical thinking and problem-solving abilities through case analysis, group discussions, and other forms.

1、 Design according to the curriculum standards

It emphasizes that topic based teaching design should be based on curriculum standards, and teachers need to have a deep understanding of the spirit and requirements of high school curriculum standards and compulsory education curriculum standards, avoid mechanical copying, and use curriculum standards as guidance and reference for teaching design.

2、 Design based on textbooks

The ideological and political course textbook is a reflection of the curriculum standards and core competencies of the subject, with content that is ideological, scientific, suitable, and contemporary. When designing problem-based teaching, teachers should innovate the use of teaching materials, combine with students' actual situations, strengthen situational creation and problem design, and adopt the method of scenario driven learning tasks to improve students' learning effectiveness on the content of the teaching materials.

3、 Design based on academic background

Emphasis was placed on the importance of considering student situations (learning situations) in topic based instructional design. Learning situation includes students' learning attitude, foundation, habits, abilities, interests, family background, age, and psychological characteristics. Teachers should pay attention to the objectivity, regularity, complexity, stability, variability, and suddenness of learning situations when designing teaching. By analyzing the learning situation, teachers can design teaching activities more effectively, stimulate students' interest, and improve teaching effectiveness.