The application of topic based teaching in ethics and rule of law courses is becoming increasingly widespread, and it has become a key factor for teachers to design teaching activities. Teachers need to master how to effectively present and apply high-quality topics to promote students' deep understanding and participation in course content.

1、 Using textbook content as the main material

Emphasis was placed on the importance of the authority, scientificity, and applicability of textbooks as the core materials for teaching and learning in problem-based teaching. When designing problem-based teaching, teachers should base it on the content of the textbook, but not simply copy it. Instead, they should creatively use problem-based teaching methods to better showcase the content of the textbook and achieve far-reaching educational impact.

2、 Taking real life as the main thread

It emphasizes that moral and legal courses should be based on students' lives, achieving the unity of disciplinary logic and life logic. Through topic based teaching design, teachers should create scenarios closely related to students' lives, such as the case of "Building a Home for Life Together", introducing national environmental protection work, stimulating students' interest, and guiding them to discover, analyze, and solve problems.

3、 Student activities as the main focus

In problem-based teaching, teachers should focus on student activities and design a variety of learning activities, such as watching videos, thinking about problems, filling out forms, etc., to promote students' in-depth understanding of the topic. Through these activities, students can enhance their ability to discover, analyze, and solve problems, and on this basis, form correct outlooks on life, values, and the world. When designing teaching, teachers should ensure that activities are concise and effective, choose natural life scenarios to achieve the teaching goal of cultivating students' moral character and promoting the improvement of students' core subject literacy.