1 Introduction

Modern Spanish originated in the second half of the 14th century, and after the unification of the Iberian Peninsula in 1492, Spanish established its dominant position. In the same year, "Castilian Grammar" was published, marking the beginning of Spanish language research. After Columbus discovered America, Spanish spread to the New World. In the 1990s, corpus linguistics became an important branch of linguistics, with English corpus research dominating and non English corpus research relatively marginalized. However, research on Spanish corpora has already led the way in the early stages of corpus linguistics. In the past thirty years, the research on Spanish corpora has developed rapidly, with the construction of corpora of various scales and the use of cutting-edge methods for empirical research. Research focuses on the regional and stylistic differences of Spanish. This article aims to summarize the characteristics and achievements of Spanish corpus research, provide historical materials for the study of corpus linguistics discipline history, and provide historical references for corpus based Spanish theoretical research, applied research, and bilingual multilingual comparative research.

2. Research on Spanish Corpus

Explored the construction and research of Spanish language corpora over the past century, not based on whether the text is digitized, but treating all quantitative language research based on large-scale representative texts as corpus research. The research subjects include the study of the Spanish language itself, as an interlanguage, as a second language, and as an inherited language, as well as comparative studies with other languages. The research is divided into the pre electronic period and the electronic period.

3 Conclusion

The conclusion section of the overview of Spanish corpus construction and research over the past century emphasizes the importance and development history of Spanish corpus research. As a widely used language, the construction of Spanish corpus is driven by regional variations and research needs. Researchers from different regions, including scholars from the Americas, have made significant contributions to the development of the discipline. The research on Spanish corpora started earlier than English in terms of digitization, focusing on text and regional distribution, and adopting advanced quantitative analysis methods. The national level corpus is led by official institutions, ensuring the standardization of materials and the maintenance of the platform, providing reference for other countries.