1 Introduction

As a monumental work in the history of Chinese literature, "Dream of the Red Chamber" vividly depicts the historical landscape of China's feudal society in the mid-18th century. Among them, "Hao Hao Ge" serves as a literary condensation of philosophical ideas and has important research value. Since the late 18th century, "Dream of the Red Chamber" has been translated into multiple languages, but there is still a lack of research on the Italian translation of "The Good Song" in China. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze two Italian translations of "The Good Song" through Bassnett's cultural translation perspective, explore the role of culture in translation, and conduct in-depth evaluation and discussion on the translation and introduction of "Dream of the Red Chamber" in Italy.

2. "Cultural Translation Perspective" and the Italian Translation of "Dream of the Red Chamber"

Eugene Nida first proposed the concept of "cultural translation", emphasizing that translation is a communicative activity aimed at interpreting meaning and can use domestication strategies to deal with cultural factors. Bassnett deepens this concept, advocates the strategy of alienation, and emphasizes that translation is a cross-cultural communication aimed at promoting the transmission and integration of cultural information. As a masterpiece of Chinese culture, the translation of "Dream of the Red Chamber" poses a huge challenge for translators. The cultural translation perspective holds that cultural factors should be transplanted or transmitted, and cannot be directly translated. Yang Xianyi, the translator of the English translation of "Dream of the Red Chamber", strives to preserve the original flavor of the text and reduce annotations. There are two versions of the Italian translation, the abridged version and the one hundred and twenty chapter version, each completed by different translators. The latter was directly translated from Chinese by sinologist Ma Xi, conveying the meaning and ideas of the original text more professionally. Ma Xi made significant contributions to the cultural exchange between China and Italy.

Comparison of Two Italian Translation Versions of 'The Song That's Done'

Good Song "is an important poem in" Dream of the Red Chamber ", and a comparative study of its Italian translation versions reveals the strategies and effects of different translators in dealing with the cultural characteristics and philosophical ideas of the original text. The 1958 festival translation was completed by translators Clara Bovero and Cara Birone Riccio, who did not understand Chinese. They translated based on the German version, which resulted in a deviation in their understanding and expression of Chinese cultural concepts such as "immortals". For example, translating "immortals" as "hermits" and "beautiful wives" as "beauties" fails to accurately convey the original artistic conception. Ma Xi's 120 chapter translation, on the other hand, is more in line with Chinese culture while remaining faithful to the original text, such as translating "immortals" as "the benefits of saints" and "beautiful wives" as "love for women". Although there are translation barriers caused by cultural differences, overall it is more in line with the spirit of the original text.

4 Conclusion

The translation of 'Good Song' in 'Dream of the Red Chamber' contains life philosophy and wisdom, but it faces cultural barriers. Bassnett's cultural translation theory emphasizes the interpretation and representation of cultural aspects, advocating alienation strategies to convey cultural information and maintain cultural diversity. Nida tends to favor domestication strategies, but translation should seek a balance between foreignization and domestication. The international dissemination of Chinese culture requires translators to convey Chinese stories in cross-cultural communication and face the challenges of cultural differences between China and foreign countries. The existing Western translation theories are mostly based on the Indo European language family, lacking research on the conversion between Chinese and other languages. Chinese scholars should participate in the construction of translation theories with Chinese characteristics, promote the global dissemination of Chinese culture, and shape a positive national image.