1、 Introduction

Explored the close relationship between language and cognition, cited the views of philosophers such as Herder, Humboldt, Sapir, Wolfe, and Wittgenstein, and emphasized the role of language in shaping thinking. The cultural research on German discourse in China is mostly conducted from the perspective of language function, while foreign research focuses more on the perspectives of psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics. Although there have been studies on the cognitive characteristics of German vocabulary and sentences, there is still a lack of research on the cultural cognitive characteristics of German visual writing discourse. This study aims to apply cognitive grammar theory to analyze German visual writing discourse, revealing its cognitive characteristics and the influence of cultural cognitive factors on discourse behavior.

2、 Discourse cognitive description theory

As the founder of cognitive linguistics and cognitive grammar theory, Languek proposed the concept of "comprehension", emphasizing that the meaning of language expression lies not only in the content of the concept, but also in the construction and organization of the content. Cognitive grammar has been focusing on how human cognitive activities affect the formation of semantic concepts since its inception in the 1970s. Languek's theory of comprehension is the core of cognitive grammar, starting from visual cognition and applicable to discourse analysis based on visual understanding. This article is based on Languek's theory and constructs a discourse cognitive analysis descriptive model, which includes four dimensions: selection, focus, salience, and perspective. Choose dimensions to focus on the level of detail of semantic concepts, concentrate on describing the parts that the interpreter is interested in, highlight dimensions to further describe attention allocation, and perspective dimensions involve the organization of observation angles. The model also introduces the concepts of temporal and spatial perspectives to analyze discourse more comprehensively.

3、 Experimental Design and Data Analysis

Elaborated in detail the experimental design and data analysis of German picture writing conducted from a cultural cognitive perspective. The experiment collected language materials through a self-designed visual writing task, with the theme of "Interpersonal Relationships in the Digital Age", aiming to explore the interaction between language and cultural cognition. The experimental subjects are German university students from the Language School of Ruhr University Bochum, who are in the initial stage of learning Chinese. A total of 40 participants participated. The experiment requires participants to complete writing within 30 minutes and submit their works via email. All language materials will be anonymized.

4、 Interpretation of research conclusions

Experimental studies have shown that German discourse has a higher number of sentence propositions than Chinese discourse in visual writing tasks, indicating that German participants are more proficient in information processing. German discourse tends to focus on the foreground of pictures, which is consistent with the way German university students understand pictures. In terms of highlighting dimensions, German discourse mainly focuses on the information components of the foreground of the picture, especially for men, showing consistency with the focused dimensions. In terms of perspective, German discourse often adopts a juxtaposed perspective, focusing on the experimental task itself, while the spatial perspective often adopts a centrifugal perspective, showing subjective interpretation and emphasizing the "self".