Poverty governance in Russia is a key challenge for the country's development. President Putin set the goal of halving the number of poor people by 2024. However, affected by the epidemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, the deadline was extended to 2030. There is insufficient attention paid to poverty issues in domestic research. This article aims to analyze in depth the current situation, problems, and poverty reduction strategies of poverty governance in Russia, which is of great significance for understanding the social situation in Russia, promoting international poverty reduction cooperation, and advancing the development of Sino Russian relations.

1、 A Historical Analysis of Poverty Management in Russia

The historical analysis of poverty governance in Russia reveals how the government measures poverty by determining poverty lines and minimum living standards. The poverty line is based on the per capita minimum living standard and population base, while the minimum living standard reflects the total value of the consumption basket needed to maintain basic living. The calculation of poverty rate is based on the proportion of the population whose cash income is below the poverty line. The historical changes in the effectiveness of poverty governance can be divided into three stages: the decline period from 2000 to 2009, during which the poverty rate and the number of impoverished people significantly decreased; The period from 2010 to 2015 saw fluctuations in poverty rates and the number of impoverished individuals due to the impact of the economic crisis; In the new era from 2015 to present, the number of impoverished people has gradually decreased, but the change is not significant. The national goal for 2024 is to halve the number of people living in poverty, but the deadline for achieving this goal may be extended due to the impact of the pandemic and conflicts. The World Bank's poverty standards provide a reference for the proportion of people living in poverty at different income levels, showing the historical changes in Russia's poverty situation.

2、 The main problems facing poverty governance in Russia

The five main issues facing poverty governance in Russia were discussed in detail. Firstly, the impoverished population with jobs but incomes below the minimum living standard, especially families with multiple children, bear enormous economic pressure. Secondly, the problem of unstable employment, including informal employment and low wages, increases the risk of poverty. Thirdly, poverty is particularly prominent in families with children, with the child poverty rate increasing, especially in families with multiple children and rural areas. Fourthly, the disabled population faces more severe poverty problems due to higher medical and living expenses. Finally, poverty among the elderly is a significant issue, with many relying on pensions for their livelihoods, but pensions are often insufficient to meet basic living needs. The existence of these poverty issues poses a challenge to Russia's social stability and economic development.

3、 Related measures for poverty governance in Russia

The relevant measures for poverty governance in Russia include financial support for impoverished families with children, such as providing subsidies, maternity allowances, and housing benefits; Long term care and social services for elderly and disabled families; Payment of relief funds and employment promotion measures for the unemployed population; Stabilize basic wages and social security levels, including increasing minimum wages and pensions; Protection measures for poor groups during the COVID-19 epidemic, such as increasing unemployment benefits and granting child subsidies; Systematically improve the pension insurance benefits to ensure the basic income of the retired population; Accurate protection for retired and retired soldiers, including increasing allowances, subsidies, and preferential policies; Assistance to groups affected by war, such as support and aid to the families of those involved in the conflict. These measures aim to alleviate the burden on impoverished families, improve the living standards of vulnerable groups, and ensure social stability and harmony through various means such as fiscal subsidies, social services, employment support, and social security.

4、 Future prospects

The optimization directions for future poverty governance policies in Russia include: 1 Improve infrastructure construction and fundamentally change the poverty situation in the region; 2. Build a more comprehensive social welfare and security system to systematically assist impoverished families; 3. Implement more comprehensive measures to promote employment and increase income, and help low-income groups escape poverty. Although the Russian government regards poverty alleviation as its top priority, poverty governance still faces many challenges and it is difficult to achieve significant improvement in the short term.