In the 1920s and 1930s, Soviet health diplomacy was launched in the context of the League of Nations, aimed at breaking international blockades, promoting public health, and preventing infectious diseases. The Soviet Union actively participated in international health cooperation, responded to the requirements of globalization, and demonstrated great power responsibility. There is relatively little research in China, and Weng Huaichang introduced the development of Soviet health diplomacy in "Research on Russian Health Diplomacy Policy".

1、 Preliminary attempts of Soviet diplomacy in the field of health

In its initial attempts at health diplomacy in the 1920s and 1930s, the Soviet Union broke the international blockade through the Red Cross and actively participated in international medical exchanges. The Soviet government, facing political and economic blockades from Western countries, made efforts to overcome diplomatic isolation by engaging in medical and international academic exchanges. For example, Nemenov went to Germany to purchase scientific equipment, attend medical conferences and publish academic articles, and organized German doctors to write reviews. In 1921, international cooperation in the field of health between the Soviet Union began. The German Red Cross provided medical assistance to the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Health People's Commissariat established the Foreign Language Intelligence Bureau to introduce the principles of Soviet medical and health organizations. During the Civil War, the Soviet Red Cross became the only official channel for communication between the government and the outside world, with political propaganda functions, handling prisoner of war issues, and food imports. The humanitarian actions of the Red Cross help to break international isolation, such as establishing contacts with the International Committee of the Red Cross at the Swiss representative office, focusing on ideological work among prisoners of war, and engaging in medical research. Other overseas representative offices also actively engage in political propaganda activities, such as publishing work briefs and promoting the achievements of Soviet health and education in France.

2、 The International Health Organization of the League of Nations and the International Health Activities of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union

Elaborate on the diplomatic activities of the Soviet Union in the field of international health during the 1920s and 1930s. The background of the establishment of the World Health Organization of the League of Nations is economic globalization and the globalization of disease transmission, with the aim of solving international health problems and promoting cooperation among health administrative authorities of various countries. Before joining the League of Nations, the Soviet Union successfully controlled domestic epidemics through cooperation with the United Nations Health Organization and established official contacts with European countries for medical exchanges and health assistance. Soviet doctors participated in international medical training, introduced foreign medical resources, and showcased the progress of Soviet medical and health work at international medical conferences.

3、 The significance of participating in the 1930 Dresden International Health Exhibition for Soviet health diplomacy

At the 1930 Dresden International Health Exhibition, the curatorial goal of the Soviet pavilion was to carry out international political propaganda, showcase communist ideology and the Soviet healthcare system. The exhibition hall is managed by Frenkel, the head of the Social Health Department at the Leningrad Health Research Institute, who had previously organized Soviet doctors to study in Germany. The exhibition hall emphasizes the improvement of workers' hygiene conditions under the Soviet socialist system through a series of slogans and exhibition area designs. Despite attracting over 500000 visitors, the evaluation of the exhibition hall by the audience is mixed due to the polarization of political factions in Germany. The exterior design and artistic level of the Soviet exhibition hall leave a deep impression, but the lack of research data to support the exhibition content has led to international skepticism about the Soviet Union's health achievements. In the end, the Soviet Union failed to fulfill its political propaganda mission, the overseas representative offices of the People's Commissariat for Health were abolished, and the Soviet Union's international propaganda strategy also underwent a transformation.

4、 Conclusion

In the early days of the Soviet regime, it faced geopolitical isolation and domestic crises. Through the Red Cross, it established connections with the international community, received support, and promoted the development of healthcare. The Soviet Union's health diplomacy focused on promoting among left-wing politicians and pro Soviet scholars, successfully combining Western medical achievements with socialist medical structures to build a universal free healthcare system. The Soviet government pragmatically and flexibly studied Western medicine, supported doctors to receive Western training, and established scientific connections with the international medical community. In the 1930s, the Soviet healthcare model aroused Western interest, shaped a positive international image, and gained support from Western countries. But failed to achieve the goal of influencing Western countries to imitate its model.