1、 Introduction

Cognitive science promotes the shift of discourse analysis towards cognitive theory, and conceptual metaphor analysis reveals the communicative function, social function, communicative intention, and strategy of discourse. Discourse is a unity of socio-cultural factors and subjective psychology, and the study of conceptual metaphors is an important pivot for the integration of linguistics and cognitive science. This study is based on Western and Russian theories, exploring the feasible path of cognitive metaphor analysis in discourse research.

2、 Integration of Conceptual Metaphor Research Paradigms

The theory of conceptual metaphor has become the cornerstone of cognitive linguistics since the 1980s. Gibbs' dynamic systems theory emphasizes the influence of discourse purpose, linguistic context, social context, and cognitive activity on metaphorical language, combining conceptual metaphor theory with discourse analysis. Kovacs' contextual view holds that context can stimulate metaphorical ability, providing theoretical support for conceptual metaphor analysis in discourse research. Although there have been abundant achievements in the study of conceptual metaphor, a unified theoretical system has not yet been formed. The Ural School focuses on political metaphors and promotes the interdisciplinary development of conceptual metaphor analysis. The conceptual metaphor analysis path mainly includes: 1 Cognitive analysis method, analyzing the hierarchical element characteristics of metaphors and revealing cognitive pathways; 2. Discourse analysis method, combined with critical discourse analysis and other methods, explores the social significance of metaphor in different types of discourse; 3. Psychological and neurolinguistic analysis methods are used to study the neurocognitive mechanisms of metaphor; 4. Political science sociological analysis method, using metaphor as a method to understand social and political phenomena; 5. Language and cultural analysis methods reflect national culture and mentality, and explore universal human values. At present, the academic community has not fully explored the research methods of conceptual metaphor under the combination of discourse analysis and cognitive theory. This article attempts to integrate the main methods of Western and Russian academia from the perspective of the two-dimensional linkage between cognition and discourse, and lists typical cases to comprehensively introduce them from the perspective of philosophical theory.

3、 Cognition of Conceptual Metaphors - Discourse Ontology Analysis Method

The cognitive discourse ontology analysis method of conceptual metaphor explores two research directions: the metaphorical model in discourse and the discursive nature of metaphor. The metaphorical analysis method of discourse reveals the metaphorical ability of discourse through quantitative analysis. For example, Yang Yang et al. studied the metaphorical framework of "medicine is war", and Li Siqi compared the metaphorical models in the presidential speeches of Russia and the United States. The discourse analysis method of metaphor focuses on the role of metaphor in social phenomena and political processes. For example, Hermig emphasizes the social phenomenon attribute of metaphor, while Musov points out the key framework role of metaphor in discourse. Kalinin analyzed the metaphorical expression of "COVID-19" in Chinese media, revealing the relationship between the metaphorical model and epidemic development and epidemic prevention policy. The theory of personal mind and the concept of intertextual metaphor provide a new perspective for discourse metaphor analysis, emphasizing the importance of cultural background and historical experience. These analytical methods deepen the theoretical core of discourse research, enrich the social value and practical significance of discourse analysis.

4、 Cognition of Conceptual Metaphors - Discourse Epistemological Analysis Method

At the level of philosophical epistemology, the role of conceptual metaphor in discourse strategy construction and its impact on achieving dialogue objectives are the core of research. Budayev divided conceptual metaphor analysis into critical analysis and descriptive analysis, emphasizing the importance of the dialectical unity of the cognitive process and objective reality in understanding the value of the object. The critical analysis method focuses on the social reality issues of metaphors in discourse, drawing on the critical discourse analysis ideas of Wardak and Fairclough, and viewing metaphors as a means for the regime to achieve political intentions. Chartres Black proposed the theory of critical metaphor analysis, emphasizing metaphor as a tool for influencing and shaping consciousness, while Kohler combined critical discourse analysis with gender linguistics to study the relationship between metaphor and gender in business discourse. The descriptive analysis method focuses on describing metaphorical models and projection systems, avoiding involving the researcher's political stance. Baranov's theory of metaphorical descriptors provides a basis for empirical analysis of metaphorical models in discourse, which helps to formalize the description of metaphorical contexts. Kaslova revealed the commonality of metaphorical models in the election discourse of the United States and Russia through quantitative analysis. Vasilyev analyzed the use of metaphors from the perspectives of Russian norms and political discourse traditions. Kovacs and Musov's research demonstrates the differences in the expression of conceptual metaphors within and across cultures. Kondratieva et al. conducted a quantitative analysis of the metaphorical dominant model of former Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko's political discourse strategy. These studies have enriched the cognitive discourse conceptual metaphor research at the philosophical epistemological level. Although critical metaphor analysis has not yet formed a systematic research paradigm, its practicality and social value orientation have been reflected.

5、 Cognitive Discourse Methodology Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors

Explored the cognitive discourse methodology analysis method of conceptual metaphor in discourse research. Budayev proposed that quantitative and qualitative research methods at the general scientific level are the fundamental principles for analyzing conceptual metaphors, while corpus methods are an important research path at the specific scientific level. At the general scientific level, quantitative analysis reveals the inherent laws of metaphor use, while qualitative analysis combines contextual analysis to summarize the language internal and external factors that influence discourse. The corpus research method at the specific scientific level reveals the usage patterns of conceptual metaphors through quantitative and qualitative analysis of a large number of texts. Corpus driven method and corpus based method are the two main analysis methods. The former utilizes existing corpora, while the latter analyzes through self built corpora. The corpus method combined with content analysis can provide a clearer understanding of the characteristics and manifestations of conceptual metaphors in discourse, but the accuracy of the analysis is limited by the level of computer technology development. With the advancement of technology, the automation level of corpus applications and text recognition analysis software has increased, providing a broader space for the study of conceptual metaphors.

6、 Conclusion

The integration of discourse research and cognitive research has promoted innovation in the study of conceptual metaphors and metaphorical models, and facilitated the integration of discourse analysis and cognitive theory. As an important field of cognitive linguistics, the study of conceptual metaphor has continuously produced theoretical and practical achievements, providing impetus and theoretical basis for the development of this field. The research approach includes using conceptual metaphors as a reflection of social reality, vector analysis of discourse, and elements of discourse construction. Conceptual metaphor analysis has been preliminarily systematized, with main analytical methods including ontology, epistemology, and methodology. On the ontological level, metaphor is explored as a research tool or purpose. On the epistemological level, it is explored from two dimensions: critical and descriptive analysis. On the methodological level, the application of quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, as well as corpus methods, is explained. Specific examples demonstrate that corpus research methods can strengthen the scientific basis for conceptual metaphor analysis.