introduction

Since the 1960s, French literary theorists such as Bart, Torodov, and Kristeva have promoted the development of text theory, emphasizing the dynamic generation process of literary works. Literary criticism has therefore shifted its focus to the behavior of writing activities, such as searching for information, determining themes, etc., which leave traces in manuscripts. This gave rise to the field of "textual criticism" or "textual criticism", initially focusing on the study of classical literary works. In recent years, the combination of academic and multidisciplinary approaches has demonstrated interdisciplinary characteristics. In France, research on student writing has a history of over 30 years, integrating theoretical research with disciplines such as corpus linguistics and sociology, and gaining recognition in practical applications. However, discussions on genetics in China are mostly limited to literary research, and research on student writing and teaching has not yet received attention in China. This article aims to introduce the basic content of textual genesis, the origin, representative research, and latest developments of writing genesis research, providing reference for domestic teaching research and practice.

1、 The basic content of textual genetics

The study of textual genesis originated in the 1970s, during the transition from French structuralism to post structuralism, and its core lies in revealing the dynamic process of text generation. Unlike traditional structuralism, genetic research emphasizes the temporality of texts and questions their fixed and closed nature. Bellman Noel proposed the concept of "pre text", which incorporates the materials used in the writing process into the research perspective. Louis Haye emphasized the "temporality" of texts and believed that research should focus on dynamic writing behavior rather than static texts. De Biazzi deconstructs the writing process into four stages: pre writing, writing, pre editing, and editing, each of which has an impact on the text. Manuscripts, as material language materials in the writing process, can trace the evolution of the work's production and language use by analyzing their imprints. Modern information technology makes it possible to directly visualize the writing process. The study of textual genesis was initially applied in the field of literature and later expanded to other social science fields, with a particular focus on teaching students writing.

2、 From Writers to Students: The Origins of Research in Writing

In 1968, Louis Haye's appointment marked the emergence of critical studies as an independent discipline. The Manuscript Research Center, established in 1975, was reorganized into the Modern Text Manuscript Research Institute, becoming an important base for generative research in France. The establishment of the journal "Genetics" in 1992 promoted academic exchange. The national academic assessments conducted in France in 1989 and 1992 for the first time evaluated student drafts and final answer sheets, sparking a research boom in writing instruction. The EVA and REV projects of the French National Teaching Research Institute use psycholinguistic and discourse linguistic methods to analyze the relationship between students' surface operations and deep knowledge in writing, and propose a reference framework for writing evaluation standards, which has important reference value for primary school writing teaching practice. The study of student writing can be divided into a broad sociolinguistic perspective and a narrow linguistic perspective, with the latter focusing on the language use behind students' writing drafts and the language creation process of the writing subject. Narrative linguistics provides a theoretical basis for the study of writing occurrence, emphasizing the study of symbolic meanings in specific declarative behaviors, distinguishing between declarative texts and declarative behaviors, and focusing on the discourse relationships between collaborators. The study of writing occurrence aims to establish a model of student writing occurrence, analyze students' language systems, and explore writing teaching strategies and models. There are differences between student writing and writer writing, and special parameters need to be considered.

3、 Students, Teachers, and the Classroom: Research Trends in Writing Development

Explored the roles and dynamics of students, teachers, and the classroom in the study of writing development. Research can be divided into two categories: focusing on students' writing occurrence and focusing on teachers and teaching. The study of student writing reveals the writing steps, editing operations, and language acquisition of students through analyzing writing drafts. Teacher evaluation strategies and research on writing instruction focus on how teachers can optimize teaching methods and classroom design through student writing drafts. In addition, research projects and corpora have provided support for the study of writing teaching.

conclusion

The French academic community has conducted research on the genesis of writing for over 30 years, covering multiple fields and emphasizing that writing is a dynamic process that can be traced back through alterations in drafts. Research helps teachers understand students' language knowledge and has important value for foreign language writing teaching and research.