1. Introduction

Introduced the core issues of pragmatics, pointed out the limitations of classical theories, and emphasized the importance of the concept of semantic interaction. The article proposes that existing research focuses more on dialogue corpora and neglects the intrinsic cognitive mechanisms within individuals. With the introduction of interdisciplinary methods, cognitive research has begun to construct formal models to reveal the cognitive reasoning patterns of communicators. Game pragmatics, as an emerging field, provides a new perspective for the formal study of pragmatic meaning by analyzing the rational decision-making process of both communicators. This method has received attention from multiple disciplines, but has not yet received widespread attention in China. This article aims to explore the necessity of constructing a formal cognitive model based on the overview of the study of meaning interaction, focusing on the research results of game pragmatics, and demonstrating its interpretation and enlightenment on pragmatic issues, in order to promote the scientific and precise theoretical system of pragmatics and reveal the essence of human language communication more deeply.

2. Formal research on meaning from an interactive perspective

This paper explores the historical inevitability of game pragmatics in the development of pragmatics, and analyzes three perspectives of its criticism and interactive shift towards the traditional Grice paradigm: dynamic emergence, conventionality, and strategic. Point out the advantages of formal methods in revealing language usage patterns, promoting scientific research methods, and connecting individual cognition and social behavior. At the same time, the development status and challenges of game pragmatics in formal research were discussed, as well as the application of game theory in language research and the introduction of Bayesian computational models. Finally, the theoretical basis, research topics, and contributions of game pragmatics were outlined, and its development prospects were discussed.

3. Theoretical basis of game pragmatics

Deeply explored the theoretical basis of game pragmatics and analyzed its integration with pragmatics and game theory. Game pragmatics uses mathematical models to conduct formal analysis of verbal communication activities, aiming to predict the communicative behavior of participants. The chapter traces the origins of pragmatics and game theory, and outlines the normative and descriptive research paradigms of game pragmatics. Starting from the characteristics of verbal communication and an economic perspective, this paper explores the commonalities between verbal communication and game behavior, as well as the advantages of game pragmatics in revealing the decision-making process and outcomes of language use. Normative research focuses on constructing game models and deriving optimal strategies; Descriptive research focuses on the cognitive process of pragmatic inference, using Bayesian formulas and empirical data to test the effectiveness of model predictions.

4. Main research topics in game pragmatics

Game pragmatics regards language use as the goal oriented optimal decision-making process, and its main research topics include conversational implicature, speech acts, and discourse social meaning. The study of conversational implicature focuses on the rational behavior of language users in pursuing communicative efficiency, and reveals the underlying motivations behind the cooperative principle through game analysis. Researchers criticize the traditional cooperative principle for being too vague and propose replacing one-way reasoning with strategic reasoning, constructing a game model to reinterpret the rules of verbal communication. The reasoning process of hierarchical meaning is explained through the iterative optimal response model, and the evolutionary game pragmatics model believes that conversational meaning is an evolutionarily stable state. The synergistic effect of semantics and pragmatics promotes the evolution of general conversational meaning.

5. Contribution and Prospect of Game Pragmatics Research

The contributions of game pragmatics in innovative research methods, improved pragmatic theory, and expanded application fields were discussed. By introducing game analysis methods, game pragmatics has promoted the innovation of pragmatics research methods, combined with psychological experiments, and promoted the development of pragmatics theory towards a more precise and scientific direction. Meanwhile, game pragmatics has established a unified framework for meaning analysis, which is flexible and can adjust model variables and parameters based on specific problems. In addition, the application of game pragmatics in cognitive science and natural language processing highlights its practical value, which helps to understand language cognitive processes and improve human-computer dialogue skills.

6. Conclusion

Emphasize the importance of formal methods in pragmatic research, introduce the concept of game pragmatics, outline its theoretical basis and research topics, and look forward to its development direction. In the context of the new liberal arts, advocating interdisciplinary integration and broadening research perspectives. Innovative methods for studying formal pragmatics from the perspective of game theory, improving the theoretical system, applying computer technology and cognitive modeling to humanities, and promoting the contribution of linguistics in the fields of cognitive science and information science.