1. Introduction

This paper discusses the concept and classification of Chinese verb factual accuracy, points out the existence of exceptions and drift phenomena in the classification of factual verbs, analyzes the differences in the strength of factual accuracy, and proposes the correlation between factual drift and the complexity of complement syntax.

2. Realism and related concepts

We have delved into the concept of substantiality and its relationship with the truth value of propositions, clarifying that substantiality is the ability of verbs to presuppose the truth value of their object clauses. The article distinguishes between two understandings of "reality": referential/conformity theory and atomistic/reductionist, supporting the former viewpoint. Narrative reality is different from authenticity, frankness, and reality. Authenticity affects the appropriateness of narrative expression, while narrative reality focuses on the truth projection of embedded clause propositions. The relationship between factual and realistic in Chinese is reflected in the influence of the non realistic semantic components of verb complement clauses on verb factual. The article demonstrates through examples of future tense, possible modality, and virtual conditional sentences that the propositions of these non realistic clauses can be true, thereby affecting the factual judgment of the main verb. At the same time, it is pointed out that the semantic differences of modal components have an impact on the truth condition of propositions, emphasizing the need to distinguish between proposition truth and the speaker's attitude when judging truthfulness. Finally, based on truth semantics, the concept of factual construction was defined, and positive factual, negative factual, and non factual verbs were distinguished. Three typical examples, "forget," "pretend," and "doubt," were selected for discussion.

3. Narrative drift and syntactic differences of "forgetting"

Explored the factual drift and syntactic differences of the Chinese verb 'forget'. Research has found that 'forgetting' does not change from a positive factual verb to a negative factual verb, but rather drifts towards a non factual verb. In the Modern Chinese Dictionary, "forget" has two meanings: "forget 1" means that the experience no longer exists in memory and is a positive factual verb; Forgetting 2 "means that something that should have been done was not done due to negligence, and is a non factual verb. In terms of syntax, "forget 1" chooses a fixed clause as a complement, while "forget 2" chooses a non fixed clause, and the subject of the clause refers to the same as the subject of the main clause. In negative form, the complement of 'forget 1' can be followed by a sentence ending 'already', while 'forget 2' cannot. In addition, the differences in syntactic selection between "forget 1" and "forget 2" were further validated through the use of topic structure and the body marker "over". Overall, the basic meaning of 'forget' has a positive factual nature, while its extended meaning drifts towards non factual nature, resulting in a corresponding decrease in the complexity of the complementary language.

4. The factual tendency of "doubt" and syntactic differences

In depth exploration of the factual tendency and syntactic differences of the Chinese verb 'doubt'. Doubt "has two meanings:" Doubt 1 "indicates doubt or disbelief, and" Doubt 2 "indicates speculation. Research has found that 'Doubt 1' mainly appears in negative sentences, while 'Doubt 2' is a more fundamental meaning. There is relatively little discussion in academia about "Doubt 2", while the semantic ambiguity of "Doubt 1" in negative sentences has received much attention. The principle of "doubting good and believing evil" proposed by Yuan Yulin (2014) is sometimes difficult to explain in all situations.

5. Truth value variation and syntactic differences of "pretending"

Explored the factual nature of the verb 'pretend' and the drift of its truth value presupposition. Research has shown that "pretend" is often used as a counterfactual verb, assuming that the complement proposition is false, but this assumption is not stable, and the object clause can sometimes be true. Li Xinliang and Yuan Yulin proposed the principle of "true action, false state" to distinguish the difference in truth values. The concealment of the subject in the complement clause, as well as the use of time words and modal words, all affect the truthfulness of "pretending". The presence of an explicit subject tends to make "pretend" tend to be interpreted in a counterfactual manner, while an implicit subject tends to make "pretend" tend to be interpreted in a non factual manner. The counterfactual "pretend" tends to use more complex complements, while the non factual "pretend" uses relatively simple complements.

6. Explanation of Drift

This paper explores the phenomenon of factual verb drift in specific syntactic environments and proposes the principle of factual drift, which states that the syntactic complexity of complement language is related to the factual characteristics of verbs. When the positive factual verb "forget" and the negative factual verb "pretend" drift towards non factual, they are influenced by explicit syntactic means; When the non factual verb 'doubt' drifts towards factual, it is related to implicit syntactic devices. The drift phenomenon indicates that the factual usage of verbs is controlled by syntax, with verbs tending towards [+factual] when the complement structure is complex and [- factual] when the structure is simple. This principle is also reflected in other languages.

7. Evidence related to English

Explored the phenomenon of factual drift in English and verified the principle of factual drift proposed in this article. The factual/non factual usage of the English verb 'forget' is similar to that of Chinese, corresponding to the complement of definite/non definite clauses, respectively. English has explicit markers and infinitive markers, while Chinese does not. The non factual usage of 'doubt' and the anti factual tendency usage correspond to 'doubt' and 'doubt' in English, respectively. The former has no weak island effect, while the latter has. This corresponds to the syntactic expressions of "Doubt 1" and "Doubt 2" in Chinese. According to Kastner's (2015) research, sentence complements with weak island restrictions are DP, which is more complex than regular CP complements. The commonality between English and Chinese lies in the factual nature of verbs being related to their complements, while the difference lies in whether there are explicit morphological means to distinguish complement types. The reverse factual verbs "pretend" and "pretend" conform to the principle of "action truth, state falsehood" in their true and false interpretations. When the complement is a definite clause, the interpretation of "action truth" is lost.

8. Conclusion

Summarized the principle of factual drift and pointed out that the complexity of factual verb complement sentences is relatively high, while the complexity of non factual verb complement sentences is relatively low. Meanwhile, English evidence supports this observation, and its explicit form helps distinguish complementary language types. Future research needs to explore more cross linguistic evidence to validate the universality of principles.