Cross media was proposed by Hansen Love in 1983, and in the past two to three decades, there has been a shift towards cross media in international humanities research. The field of comparative literature in North America has been affected by internal crises, encouraging cross art/cross media research and focusing on the relationship between literature and other arts. The European new media research team, especially German, Austrian, and Nordic scholars, promotes cross media research. At the end of the 20th century, Sweden established the International Society for Cross Media Studies to promote international discussions and academic publishing. Austria, Germany, Canada, the UK and other countries have also established cross media professional journals and research institutions. In the post theoretical era, the literary research community attempts to use cross media as a tool to expand interdisciplinary literary criticism.
Cross media is a concept that is difficult to define clearly, and its definition and understanding vary among scholars. McLuhan defined media as "an extension of human beings," while Kittler and Hipper viewed media as a cultural technology of information and signals from a technological philosophy perspective. Wolf proposed that media is a special form of communication, whose uniqueness stems from technological and institutional channels, as well as the semiotic systems used. Rajewski believes that the definition of cross media should be based on goals and objects, avoiding multiple definitions. He proposed three literary cross media practice models: media transfer, media combination, and cross media reference. Wolf also proposed the concepts of hypermedia and re media.
Explored the close connection between the circulation and evolution of media and literature and art, analyzed the formation of image hegemony under digital media technology and its impact on traditional narrative genres and art. The views of cultural pessimists and optimists on the future of cross media were discussed, emphasizing that literary researchers should pay attention to the dynamic openness and media specificity of literature. A new direction combining cross media literary research with narrative theory has been proposed, as well as the importance of "hypermedia narrative" research, aiming to go beyond the binary comparison of media, find the correlation between different media, recognize the characteristics of literary language in symbolic communication, and avoid literature becoming outdated in the digital media era.
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