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II. Issue-Based Teaching in Curriculum Standards

The High School Ideological and Political Curriculum Standards (2017 Edition, Revised in 2020) emphasize issue-based teaching, promoting a shift in pedagogical approaches through the introduction, guidance, and discussion of issues. This fosters an interactive, open, and democratic teaching atmosphere between teachers and students. The high school curriculum sets 35 issues across compulsory modules such as "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," "Economy and Society," "Politics and Rule of Law," and "Philosophy and Culture." Additionally, one issue is proposed in the "Law and Life" module, while the "Implementation Suggestions" section provides multiple case studies, each designed around an issue. The Compulsory Education Moral and Rule of Law Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition) advocate for diverse teaching methods, including issue-based, experiential, and project-based approaches, to encourage student participation, reflection, and knowledge construction. Thirty-five issues are listed across five learning themes for middle school, covering areas such as life safety and health education, legal education, excellent traditional Chinese culture education, revolutionary tradition education, and national conditions education. While issue-based teaching is not explicitly required for primary school, the standards suggest implementing "topic-based" teaching, using single or multiple topics as instructional tools.

III. The Value of Issues and Issue-Based Teaching in Ideological and Political Education

This section highlights the significance of issue-based teaching in ideological and political classrooms. First, it is pivotal in fulfilling the fundamental mission of fostering virtue through education, helping students understand Marxism and establish correct political orientations and values. Second, as a key method for cultivating students' core disciplinary competencies, it enhances their values, character, and abilities by innovating teaching approaches and designing activities around issues. Third, issue-based teaching serves as an important channel for nurturing a new generation capable of meeting contemporary challenges. Through open and guiding issue-based activities, students are encouraged to apply knowledge and skills, express viewpoints, and propose solutions. Lastly, issue-based teaching respects students' developmental needs, improves pedagogical methods by adopting issues relevant to their lives, and strengthens the relevance and effectiveness of ideological and political education.

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