In depth exploration was conducted on the challenges faced by English teachers who teach students with weak foundations, emphasizing the close connection and dynamic interaction between teachers' research abilities and learning situations. The research ability of teachers should be rooted in specific teaching contexts and engage in dialogue with the reality of problem generation, evolution, and resolution. Teachers who teach students with weak foundations need to possess specialized and targeted research abilities to address different stages of problems. Teachers should break the inherent concept of research ability, view the abilities they need to improve from a dynamic and constructive perspective, combine research ability with teaching context, and achieve effective transformation and application of abilities. At the same time, teachers should focus on the student group in the problem rigidity period, deeply understand their actual needs and learning difficulties, and more effectively use research abilities to solve teaching problems, promote student progress and personal professional growth.