1、 Introduction

This article introduces the uniqueness of passive sentences in different languages, explores their structural, semantic, pragmatic, and cognitive characteristics, and their interrelationships. The focus is on analyzing the semantic function, structural composition, pragmatic characteristics, and cognitive basis of passive sentences, pointing out the shortcomings of existing research on the deep semantic characteristics and structural influence of passive sentences. This article aims to deepen the understanding of the semantics, structure, and function of passive sentences in Russian and Chinese, promote the exploration of relevant theoretical issues, and provide new perspectives and methodological significance for the study of passive sentence semantics.

2、 The semantic essence of passive sentences in Russian and Chinese

Deeply explored the semantic essence and structural influence of passive sentences in Russian and Chinese. Passive sentences, as a basic and active sentence structure, vary in semantic content due to language characteristics and cognitive thinking differences. The formation of passive sentences in Russian is closely related to their syntactic means and category grammar semantics. They mainly express the relationship between the subject and the action or action result state, focusing on the semantic and logical relationship between the subject and the action of the subject, and have the characteristic of "emphasizing form over meaning". The semantic features of passive sentences in Chinese are manifested as the cognitive relationship of being handled and influenced, mainly reflecting the speaker's understanding of the relationship between actions and events, especially the influence felt by the speaker or event related parties in the event, with the characteristic of "emphasizing meaning over form".

3、 The influence of semantic construction on passive sentences in Russian and Chinese

In depth exploration of the semantic essence of passive sentences in Russian and Chinese and their impact on construction. The semantic characteristics of Russian passive sentences contribute to the formation of the "intermediate state" passive construction, which may appear passive in form but may carry initiative in meaning, reflecting the relationship between action and object. For example, the sentence "Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian: Russian:. Russian intermediate constructions usually contain specific affixes such as - ся, - анн, - енн, - т, - ем, etc. as passive markers, expressing a less strict passive meaning. This construction semantically represents non intentional effort behavior events, such as spontaneous processes or states.

4、 Conclusion

Analyzed the semantic differences between Russian and Chinese passive sentences and their impact on construction, pointing out that there is a connection between event semantic thinking and cognitive conceptual structure in Russian and Chinese passive sentences. Chinese passive sentences emphasize more on cognitive semantic factors and subjective evaluation. Russian passive sentences tend to be formalized, emphasizing the state of action events and the description of the subject, while Chinese passive sentences focus more on meaning, highlighting the suffering and variability of things. The influence of passive sentence construction in Russian is relatively small, while in Chinese it is the opposite, with a greater impact of construction. Research contributes to a deeper understanding of the semantic characteristics and structural performance of passive sentences.