1、 Introduction

The issue of word class classification in Russian linguistics was discussed, and it was pointed out that there are different ways of word class classification in traditional and modern Russian grammar. The article emphasizes the existence of some words in Russian that are difficult to classify clearly. They have the characteristics of multiple categories, but do not possess all distinguishing features, which has attracted widespread attention from scholars. Sherba emphasized the importance of uncertain phenomena in language. Babaytseva proposed the theory of transition, defining the concepts of diachronic transition and synchronic transition to explain the changes and transitions in language phenomena. The article takes the Russian word 'несколько' as an example to demonstrate scholars' different views on its word class classification, including indefinite numerals, degree adverbs, indefinite pronouns, etc. Due to the different part of speech characteristics exhibited by несколько in different contexts, scholars have not yet reached a consensus. The article points out that несколько can be used as a numeral, pronoun, or adverb, and its syntactic function exhibits dynamic transformation characteristics in different contexts, reflecting the characteristics of functional homophones. This article aims to analyze the part of speech characteristics of несколько from the perspective of transitional theory, explore the issue of its part of speech attribution, and reveal its transitional features.

2、 The Part of Speech Characteristics of the Functional Homophonic Word 'несколько'

An in-depth analysis was conducted on the part of speech characteristics of the functional homophone "несколько" in Russian, indicating that it belongs to the category of functional homophones and has mixed features. In different contexts, несколько can be used as a numeral, adverb, and pronoun to perform different syntactic functions.

3、 The transitional characteristics of algebraic words несколько

The transitional characteristics of the Russian algebraic word несколько were analyzed within the framework of transitional theory. The algebraic word несколько has both the syntactic functions of a numeral and a pronoun in a sentence, and is located in the transitional zone between the two major word classes of numerals and pronouns. The transition level can be represented as ААБ - Б, that is, numerals algebraic words pronouns. Algebraic words, such as несколько, are placed at different stages of the transition level according to their syntactic functions, reflecting varying degrees of numeral and pronoun characteristics.

4、 Conclusion

This paper analyzes the numerical, adverb, and pronoun characteristics of the Russian functional homophone 'несколько' through transitional theory, revealing its word class conversion and transitional phenomena in syntactic function. At the same time, it is pointed out that as an algebraic word, несколько has the characteristics of a mixed word and can simultaneously perform the syntactic functions of a numeral and a pronoun. In addition, the paper also mentioned that other algebraic words such as столько, сколько, etc. also exhibit similar functional homophones and transitional features. The application of transition rates provides a new perspective for analyzing the part of speech attribution of such words, which helps to more comprehensively and objectively explain the phenomenon of transition crossover in language.