1、 Introduction

Introduced the background of the emergence of emerging color words in Chinese, the current research status in academia, and the necessity for second language speakers. Analyzed the compositional characteristics of emerging color words, including types with and without color components, as well as the color meanings of abstract concepts. Focusing on the fields of clothing, electronic products, and cosmetics, this study conducts lexical pattern analysis on 860 emerging color words that have emerged in the past 30 years, and proposes second language semantic interpretation and teaching suggestions.

2、 Lexical patterns of emerging color words

A detailed analysis was conducted on the lexical patterns of emerging color words in Chinese, which were divided into two categories: "color based" and "color based". Color words in the color category are characterized by color components or "color" at the end of the word, accounting for 73.3% of the total. The internal differences are mainly reflected in the end of the word components, which can be divided into three modes: X is directly combined with color components without segmentation, X is combined with composite color components without segmentation, and X is combined with composite structures and color components. Color words in the category of using objects to refer to colors are represented by borrowing specific things, accounting for 26.7% of the total. There are two modes: directly using nouns to represent colors and using noun embellishments to represent colors. The article further subdivided the lexical patterns in these two categories, totaling 10 types, among which the "X+Y color" pattern is the most common, accounting for more than half. In addition, the basic color expression function of color components and "color" in emerging color words is very prominent, while the naming in the cosmetics field shows higher refinement and diversity.

3、 Second language testing of emerging color words

Explored the semantic understanding of emerging color words with different lexical patterns by second language Chinese speakers. The research focuses on the differences and difficulty levels of second language learners' understanding of the meanings of emerging color words. The test design includes 80 participants, including 40 native Chinese speakers as the reference group and 40 intermediate to advanced level Chinese second language speakers. The test materials are randomly selected to ensure an equal amount of test words in each field, with a total of 30 emerging color words. The test adopts a contextless approach, requiring participants to explain the meaning of words, with English translations added to words with HSK level 5 or above. The score evaluation is based on a self-designed definition, divided into 5 levels of grading, completed by 8 linguistics masters who are native Chinese speakers, with high consistency in grading.

4、 Second language teaching of emerging color words

Emphasize the importance of emerging color words in Chinese second language teaching and propose three teaching suggestions. Firstly, it is recommended to introduce lexical patterns into teaching to help second language learners master the guessing skills of new word meanings, and deepen their understanding of lexical patterns through induction, summarization, and practice. Secondly, it is recommended to use the clear context of emerging color words to assist second language learners in understanding their meanings, such as through cultural backgrounds such as landmark buildings or specialties. Finally, it is recommended to adopt task-based teaching method to enhance the practicality and extensibility of vocabulary teaching, such as designing tasks closely related to real life, stimulating the learning interest of second language learners, and designing extended small tasks to improve learning effectiveness.

5、 Conclusion

Analyzed the lexical patterns of 860 emerging color words in the fields of clothing, cosmetics, and electronic products, and found consistency in the recognition of first and second level lexical patterns between Chinese second language speakers and native speakers through testing. The research results indicate that although there are differences in the decoding sequences of the 10 lexical patterns, the overall similarity is greater than the difference. Based on this, the article proposes second language teaching suggestions for emerging color words, emphasizing the use of task activities to help second language learners understand Chinese lexical knowledge and improve the accuracy of understanding the meanings of new words.