It discusses the dilemma of minority voicelessness caused by post-racism, analyzes how Whitehead's *The Underground Railroad* rewrites the "post-racial" era by revealing the constructed nature of race, and points out that it will explore the issues of black racialization and subjectivity reconstruction from the dimensions of racial myth, immigration reality, and resistance.

1　The Establishment of Racial Myth: The Forced Homogenization of Black People

It traces the social construction process of the concept of "race" against the backdrop of North American slavery, revealing how the white ruling class manufactured "species consciousness" through skin color boundaries to degrade Africans from indentured servants to permanent slaves. Through analyzing the experiences of three generations of the Ajarry family in *The Underground Railroad*, it discusses the political deprivation (the Three-Fifths Clause), economic exploitation (cotton picking and torture taming), and cultural rupture (loss of African languages and traditions) of black people under slavery. The chapter further explores the construction of racialized spaces, pointing out that South Carolina's segregation policy transformed black people from slaveholders' property to government property, embodying Jim Crow-style spatial segregation; while North Carolina's racial genocide directly deprived black people of their right to life. Ultimately, it clarifies that although race as a "myth" is an epistemological error, it homogenizes black group identity through objectification mechanisms, with effects persisting beyond slavery and reflecting the historical roots of contemporary American institutional discrimination.

2　Immigration Reality: The Division and Expansion of White People

It explores the internal division and identity expansion mechanisms within the white race in American immigration reality. Through analyzing the doctrine of Manifest Destiny espoused by the Anglo-Saxon ruling class in the 17th century and the dilemmas it encountered in reality, it reveals the conceptual divergence within white society due to class differences: abolitionists risked their lives to aid black slaves, the slaveholder group's perception of slavery shifted from "necessary evil" to "positive good," while poor whites maintained the racial system due to the social status elevation brought by slavery. The chapter focuses on analyzing how Irish immigrants achieved political advancement through incorporation into the white category—the Democratic Party constructed the "Celtic-Anglo-Saxon" racial concept to transform the Irish, originally at the bottom of society and hostile to black people, into white votes, making them a political force to counter the black population. This interest-oriented adjustment of racial identity indicates that racial concepts are myths artificially constructed by the ruling class to maintain vested interests, and their continuous expansion and adjustment with immigration waves not only constantly renews American racial contradictions but also foreshadows the crisis of backlash that this myth will eventually face due to the increasing number of enslaved people.

3　Resistance Based on Race: African Americans Actively Becoming Difference

It discusses how African Americans in Colson Whitehead's *The Underground Railroad* resist based on race. The author points out that although race is a product of racism, black people must unite and struggle with it to reconstruct subjectivity defined by white-dominated culture. The novel shows black people's survival state seeking free will through daily resistance on plantations and musical creation. The cultural hybridity of African Americans is embodied in musical fusion and genetic mixing, forming "products of New World culture and race." Valentine Farm symbolizes black empowerment practices of independently creating wealth and knowledge, whose failure metaphorizes the unfeasibility of racial segregation. The debate between Lander and Mingo reproduces the strategic divergence in the Civil Rights Movement, with Lander's "useful delusion" calling for building a different black community with skin color as a fulcrum. Whitehead proposes the concept of "Africans in America," acknowledging African roots while being grounded in American geographical reality, ultimately looking toward the ideal of cross-racial alliance and mixed-race American culture through the metaphor of three carriages.

4　Conclusion

It points out that post-racism is a new veil of racism, emphasizes that racial confrontation will continue, and analyzes Whitehead's unifying role in the imagination of American national culture.