Discussed the connection between European colonial expansion and the plundering and occupation of colonial women, as well as the relationship between "hybrid" desires and colonialism. Taking the opera "Madame Butterfly" and its adapted works as an example, this paper explores the symbolic significance of the "Madame Butterfly complex" as a thematic prototype in the collective imagination of Western white races and white mythology. It is pointed out that previous literary research has failed to discover the reproduction and evolution of the "Madame Butterfly complex" in the series of works, lacking a holistic perspective. This study selects "Madame Butterfly", "Madame Butterfly", and "Fragrant Fragrance and Gold Foil" as the objects to analyze the changes in the prototype mode and theme connotation of the original works in the latter two works, as well as the different treatments of the "Madame Butterfly complex" by different Asian writers and their cultural and political significance behind it. The aim is to explore the driving force behind the popularity and rewriting of this theme prototype, and present the reflection effect of literature on history.
Explored the relationship between Western colonial desires and the sexualization of Japanese women in the context of the late 19th century American invasion of Japan. By analyzing the opera 'Madame Butterfly', it reveals that the 'marriage' between American officer Pinkerton and Japanese woman Qiaoqiao San was actually a sexual oppression of local women by colonizers, reflecting the hegemonic position of American imperialism in Japan. Qiaoqiao Sang is commodified and objectified, symbolizing the defeated Japan or the East. Her sexual obedience stems from the colonial imagination of Western white people regarding the possession of foreign women. Pinkerton's' Madame Butterfly complex 'is an irrational obsession and possessive mentality towards Qiao Qiaosong, portrayed as romantic love and free from accusations of sexual aggression. This complex deeply reveals the conquest fantasy of Western white men towards Asian women, as well as their "admiration" for the obedient, loyal, and sexually attractive Madame Butterfly. This kind of 'racist love' is actually belittling and objectifying Asian women, and behind it is the influence of Western racial ideology. The "Madame Butterfly complex" is a rhetoric used by colonizers to beautify their conquering psychology towards specific races and genders, reflecting the collective unconscious of Western white races rationalizing overseas colonization, castrating the East, and imagining others. With the expansion of Western colonialism, the exclusive logic of Christian monotheism was applied to the colonial imagination of foreign cultures, forming a set of Western thinking patterns. Madame Butterfly and Dragon Girl form the prototype of Asian women, while the prototype of Asian men is Chen Charlie and Fu Manchuria. These Eastern character prototypes embody the hopes, values, fears, and desires of Westerners, reflecting their racial narcissism and selfish survival desires, and reflecting the Western civilization with expansionist genes. The United States inherited Western civilization and continued to write the myth of white people in the global expansion history of the 20th century. Madame Butterfly, as the prototype of opera, is a preface to the United States' desire to conquer the Far East and become the new world hegemon. Qiao Qiaosong converted to Christianity, spoke English, and hoped to immigrate to the United States, unleashing the racial narcissism of the Anglo Saxon Protestant white American community to the extreme. Puccini changed the ending of Qiaoqiao Sang to seppuku suicide, catering to the expansionist mentality of Western colonizers. The Madame Butterfly complex is a collective imagery form in the West, which is reproduced in multiple works. Madame Butterfly's multiple clones are all conquering Asian women, serving as carriers of desire for white men in the West, endorsing white supremacy, and belonging to language production under the control of Western hegemony. Behind it is the constantly operating historical tradition of Western racism.
Analyzed the "Madame Butterfly complex" of Western men in "Butterfly Lord", revealed the influence of Western colonial discourse on men, and the transformation of East West relations in the context of the Cold War. The story showcases the stereotypical impressions and gendered power mechanisms of the West towards the East through the relationship between Galima and Song Liling. Galileo's confidence and misunderstanding of the East led him to misjudge China's foreign policy, while his fantasies of sexual obedience towards Song Liling reflected Western men's desire to conquer Asian women. Song Liling's gender reversal and deception towards Galima have broken the Western stereotype of the East, showcasing the East's initiative and dominance. At the same time, it is also pointed out that as an Asian writer, while criticizing Western Orientalism, Huang Zh é lun is also influenced by mainstream American culture, and his works have contradictions and ambiguities in depicting the relationship between the East and the West.
By analyzing the novel 'Fragrant Fragrance and Golden Foil', this paper explores the demystification of Western halo and the escape of Malaysian women in the context of globalization. The novel is set in Malaysia, New York, and Singapore, and by rewriting the story of "Madame Butterfly," it reveals the influence and racial conflicts of Chester Brookfield, a white American male, in Malaysia. As a representative of American values, Chester's presence in Malaysia has political attributes, reflecting Malaysia's admiration and catering to the United States. His relationship with the Chinese female protagonist Lian reflects the cultural patriarchal structure and submission to the West in post colonial third world countries. However, as the story develops, Lian gradually breaks away from colonial narratives and forms a women's alliance with Ellen and Mrs. Ye, crossing national borders in search of a better life. Lian's transformation reflects the fluidity of borders and the de essentialization of identity under globalization, as well as the conditions created by capitalist expansion for feminist demands. More than a decade later, Lian gained a foothold in the Singaporean business community and voluntarily chose to settle down instead of using her daughter to immigrate to the United States, marking a renewed response to the castration of the United States and the fate of Asian women. As a mixed race child, Su Ying is endowed with the right to choose her homeland, demonstrating her future as a global citizen and the hope for East West connectivity. But the manipulation of patriarchy is still everywhere, such as Su Ying being unable to attend school unless she has her father's surname. Chester's wife Meryl advocates for women's autonomy, but as a white person, she ignores the pain brought by colonialism. The juxtaposition of Meryl and Lian presents the differences and cracks within feminism. Through the path of women's self empowerment, 'Fragrance and Gold Foil' has made Lian the dominant figure and expressed praise for Asian women. As an Asian American writer, Lin Yuling's works provide symbolic actions, participate in social reality, and bring silent Asian women to the surface of history.
Explored the evolution of the "Madame Butterfly complex" in different cultural and historical contexts, revealing the transformation of imperialist aggression and the gendered and erotic imagination of the West towards the East. At the same time, it is pointed out that the binary opposition between East and West was constructed by Western colonizers. By analyzing the three works, the complex reality between Asian countries is presented, challenging the overall concept of "East". The chapter also discusses the confrontation between racism and anti racism forces, as well as the persistence of the literary theme of "Madame Butterfly complex". Through the works "Butterfly Lord" and "Fragrant Fragrance and Gold Foil", the transformation of the theme prototype is demonstrated, reflecting the breakthrough of anti racism forces in the struggle against racist narratives. Finally, it is emphasized that in the future, the writing of the "Butterfly Lady complex" should focus on the changes in colonial roots, social soil, and power relations, and respond to real-life issues such as racism.
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