Explored the importance of research on the "community with a shared future for mankind" and pointed out its key role in consolidating collective consciousness and strength. The article analyzes the application of subject and intersubjectivity theories in current community research, including subject shaping, interactive relationships, and communicative rationality. At the same time, it criticized the problem of subject centrism in the community under intersubjectivity, which leads to the easy deconstruction of homogeneous communication relationships. On the other hand, the theory of otherness emphasizes starting from different perspectives, opposes attributing oneself to the same subject framework, and advocates for a discrete model of heterogeneous coexistence. This model emphasizes that the other is still the other, leading to the idea of a community of involuntary dependencies and systemic relationships, providing a theoretical basis for heterogeneity, diversity, and externality in the traditional community criticism paradigm.

A 'convergent community' of homogeneous interactions between subjects

Explored the evolution of Western subjectivity and its impact on community theory. Since the Renaissance and the postmodern movement, the concept of subjectivity has undergone a transformation from "cultural construction" to "biological domination" and then to "cultural and biological interaction", emphasizing that subjectivity is the manifestation of general principles. The ontological assumption of the community theory is based on the construction of subjectivity, which regards the reproduction of general principles as the primary task, leading to subjectivity becoming the core scale for defining the qualification of the community. Subjectivity plays a crucial role in the construction of religious, political, and human communities. However, since the late 19th century, theorists such as Nietzsche, Deleuze, and Foucault have recognized that culture constructs homogeneous subjects through "intentional" disciplinary means, and subjectification has become a political governance tool. The concept of intersubjectivity has been developed by Husserl, Heidegger, Habermas, and others, becoming the starting point for the discourse on community structure, communicative cognition, and causal logic. Recognizing that philosophy, relational rationality, and dialogic praxis respectively grasp community structure, communicative cognition, and causal logic from different perspectives. Although the development of intersubjectivity breaks the atomism of prior subjects and the control of unilateral subjects, the "subject" still occupies the central position of theory and controls others. Community research relies on traditional views of subjects and their interrelationships, strengthening the connotation of unity or identity within the community, resulting in the community structure often becoming a reproduction of homogeneous subjects under general principles, forming an "aggregated community". This research approach ignores the challenges brought by theories such as Derrida's deconstructionism and requires facing the challenge of the 'other' directly.

The escape of others

Explored the process of the other constantly attempting to escape under subjectivism, and the impact of this process on traditional and modern philosophy. The attempt of the other to break free from the control of the subject, through semi escape and comprehensive escape, has promoted the exploration of Levinas' "absolute other" and Derrida's "differentiation" theory. In traditional philosophy, the concept of binary opposition strictly follows a hierarchical order, while Derrida proposed using the inversion of the main and the other to help others escape from the control of the original subject, becoming an effective means of deconstructing the center of logos. Bakhtin's "polyphonic" theory endows the role of the other with the status of the narrative subject, enriching the dialogue between the subject and the other. However, this type of dominant inversion is known as the "semi escape mode" because it does not fundamentally change the structure, but only provides a temporary strategy for the complete escape of others.

The inevitability of transitioning from 'otherness' to' systemic relational entity '

Explored the transition from "otherness" to "systemic relational entity", emphasizing the factual paradox and logical jump under extreme values. The article points out that a methodology that only assumes the subject as the foundation of the community will lead to the deconstruction and challenge of subjectivism, while the existence of the absolute other forms a refutation of the community. This paradox and jump are reflected in both factual and theoretical aspects, such as the contradiction between historical experience verifying the existence of the community and postmodernism's negation of the community, as well as the transition from transcendent subject development to Kant's postmodern subject collapse. The article warns against the theoretical emotions of "total acceptance" and "total negation", emphasizes the importance of contradictory tension, and proposes the role of dialectics in thinking about contradictions.